Dàxiǎo Zhūzhèng Fānglùn 大小諸證方論
Recipe-Discourses on Various Adult and Paediatric Conditions attributed to 傅山 (Fù Shān = Fù Qīngzhǔ, 1607–1684, late Míng / early 清)
About the work
The Dàxiǎo zhūzhèng fānglùn is a 1-juǎn therapeutic compendium circulated under the name of the great Míng loyalist scholar-physician Fù Shān 傅山 (Qīngzhǔ 青主, 1607–1684), but pseudepigraphic in the strict sense: the visible body of the work draws extensively from the Shíshì mìlù 石室秘錄 of Chén Shìduó 陳士鐸 (1627–1707), with paediatric (“小兒”) sections under the heading Qítiānshī érkē zhìfǎ 岐天師兒科治法 attributed to the sage Qítiānshī (the Heavenly Master Qí, the canonical sage-interlocutor of the Sùwèn). The work is therefore one of the substantial body of Qīng popular medical literature ascribed to Fù Shān posthumously to draw upon his cultural authority.
Prefaces
The source carries no separable preface; the text begins immediately with paediatric body matter under the Qítiānshī érkē zhìfǎ heading, with one section starting 《石室秘錄》卷五岐天師兒科治法天師曰 — explicitly citing the Shíshì mìlù as source.
Abstract
The text in its received form is therefore not Fù Shān’s; it is a Qīng-popular medical compilation drawn principally from Chén Shìduó’s Shíshì mìlù (1687, 6 juǎn) with paediatric sections extracted under the Qítiānshī sage-attribution that Chén Shìduó used throughout his spirit-revelation medical writings. The whole genre of Fù-Qīng-zhǔ-attributed works — including the famous FùQīngzhǔ nǚkē 傅青主女科 — is now generally accepted by Chinese-medicine scholarship (cf. Mǎ Jìxīng 馬繼興, Fù Shān yīxué zhùzuò kǎolùn) to be largely the work of Chén Shìduó circulated under Fù Shān’s name, sometimes with intermediate editing by Chén Shìduó’s disciples or by 18th-century popular-medical publishers.
This does not diminish the work’s historical significance: it is a major source for Chén Shìduó’s clinical synthesis as it circulated in late-Qīng popular reception. Chén Shìduó’s medicine — built on Mìngmén 命門 (life-gate) doctrine, with strong commitments to kidney-water tonification, fire-of-the-life-gate warming, and an emphatic spirit-revelation register in which formulas are presented as transmitted from sage-figures (Qítiānshī, Léi gōng 雷公, etc.) — is one of the most distinctive Qīng clinical synthese.
The composition window: Chén Shìduó’s Shíshì mìlù was completed c. 1687; the present compilation, derived from it, is later — notBefore 1690, notAfter 1700 as a generous range.
For frontmatter purposes we follow the catalog meta in attributing to Fù Shān/Fù Qīngzhǔ, marking “(attributed)” to flag the pseudepigraphic status. Fù Shān’s primary person note is at 傅山; an alias-only stub is at 傅青主.
Translations and research
- Mǎ Jì-xīng 馬繼興. Fù Shān yī-xué zhù-zuò kǎo-lùn 傅山醫學著作考論 (Beijing: Rénmín wèishēng chūbǎnshè). The standard study of the Fù-Shān-attributed medical corpus and its authorship problems.
- Chén Shìduó. Chén Shìduó yīxué quánshū 陳士鐸醫學全書 (modern punctuated edition: Beijing: Zhōngguó Zhōngyīyào chūbǎnshè, 1999), containing the Shíshì mìlù with apparatus.
- No major Western-language monograph dedicated to the Fù-Shān-attributed medical corpus specifically. Fù Shān as a historical literatus is treated in Bai Qianshen, Fu Shan’s World: The Transformation of Chinese Calligraphy in the Seventeenth Century (Harvard Asia Center, 2003).
Other points of interest
The pseudepigraphic ascription to Fù Shān is itself an important documentary record of how Qīng popular medicine drew on cultural authority. Fù Shān — Míng loyalist, calligraphic master, philosopher, painter, popular folk-Daoist healer — was the perfect figure to lend authority to Chén Shìduó’s spirit-revelation medical writings, which would otherwise have been hard to legitimate within the literati-medical framework of late-imperial China. The triangulation Fù Shān (as ancestor-figure) + Qítiānshī (as sage-revealer) + Chén Shìduó (as actual compiler) is one of the most revealing constellations of Qīng medical legitimation.
Links
- Wikidata Q67116561 (FùQīngzhǔ male-and-female).
- 大小諸證方論 jicheng.tw
- Kanseki DB