Héjìng jí 和靖集
Hé-jìng (Harmonious-Quiet) Collection by 尹焞 (撰)
About the work
Héjìng jí 和靖集 in 8 juǎn is the collection of Yǐn Tūn 尹焞 (1071–1142), the leading disciple of Chéng Yí 程頤 of his generation and a major Dàoxué figure of the early Southern Sòng. The title takes Yǐn’s imperial hào Héjìng chǔshì 和靖處士 (conferred at Jìngkāng 1, 1126). The structure is unusual for a biéjí: 2 juǎn of memorials → 1 juǎn of poetry/prose/letters → 1 juǎn of bìtiē (wall-pasted aphorisms — Yǐn’s hand-copied selections of sage-and-worthy zhìqì yǎngxīn canonical statements, posted on his walls for self-warning) → 3 juǎn of Shīshuō (master-sayings, edited by his pupil Wáng Shímǐn 王時敏) → 1 juǎn of niánpǔ. The collection is thus more an integrated Dàoxué compendium than a conventional literary biéjí.
Tiyao
Héjìng jí in 8 juǎn, by the Sòng Huīyóugé dàizhì Hénán Yǐn Tūn. [Yǐn] Tūn, zì Yànmíng. At age 12 took the jìnshì examination; the policy-question discussed punishing the Yuányòu dǎngjí — he did-not-answer and left. Jìngkāng beginning, granted the hào Héjìng chǔshì. Later by Fàn Chōng’s and Zhāng Jùn’s recommendation, entered the jīngyán, listed-among the shìcóng. Soon petitioned to retire-from-office.
The collection altogether 8 juǎn. The first lists memorials 2 juǎn; next poetry-and-prose 1 juǎn; next bìtiē 1 juǎn — these are his hand-written sages-and-worthies’ zhìqì yǎngxīn essential-aphorisms, pasted on the chamber-walls to self-warn. Further next Shīshuō 3 juǎn — what his pupil Wáng Shímǐn edited. The end-appended niánpǔ — for the eighth juǎn. Zhū Zǐ’s Yǔlù says: [Yǐn] Tūn’s writings, those concerning the court, much were-composed by pupils on-his-behalf. Today also cannot be re-examined. Yet his instruction-and-supervision, also surely was [Yǐn] Tūn’s own composition. Just-as the Huìchāng yīpǐn jí xù — although composed by Lǐ Shāngyǐn — ultimately is judged Zhèng Yà’s revised-version superior. It surely need not entirely be zìjǐ chū (issued from oneself). Respectfully collated, Qiánlóng 42 (1777), 5th month.
Abstract
The 8-juǎn WYG version is the standard recension. Yǐn Tūn’s lifedates require correction: the catalog meta gives 1061–1132, but CBDB id 4125 and the Sòng shǐ (j. 428 Dàoxué zhuàn) both give 1071–1142, followed here. The discrepancy is a 10-year shift, likely reflecting a transcriptional cycling-error in the catalog source.
The collection’s defining features are two: (a) the bìtiē (1 juǎn) — Yǐn’s hand-copied canonical aphorisms posted on his walls — a unique surviving genre-instance in Sòng biéjí literature; and (b) the Shīshuō (3 juǎn) — edited by his pupil Wáng Shímǐn 王時敏 — preserving Yǐn’s oral teachings on the ÈrChéng (specifically Chéng Yí) inheritance. Together these two genres dominate the collection.
The Zhū Xī observation that Yǐn’s court-related wénzì were ghost-written by pupils — though Yǐn supplied the supervision — is a candid note on the Dàoxué practice of collaborative composition. The Sìkù editors compare it to Lǐ Shāngyǐn / Zhèng Yà collaboration on the Huìchāng yīpǐn jí xù.
The act of integrity at age 12 — refusing to answer the Yuányòu dǎngjí policy question — is the foundational moment in Yǐn’s reputation. The Chéng Yí discipleship places Yǐn at a generational pivot: alongside Yáng Shí 楊時 KR4d0119 and Xiè Liángzuǒ 謝良佐 (the “ÈrChéng sì xiānshēng” cohort).
Translations and research
- Sòng shǐ j. 428 Dào-xué zhuàn — Yǐn Tūn biography.
- 朱熹 Yǔ-lù — preserves the ghost-writing observation.
- 王時敏 (Yǐn’s pupil), editor of Shī-shuō (preserved as juǎn 5–7 of the collection).
- Sòng yuán xué-àn — Yǐn’s intellectual lineage.
- No dedicated Western-language monograph located. Treated in surveys of Dào-xué prehistory.
Other points of interest
- The bìtiē (wall-pasted aphorism) genre is otherwise barely-attested in Sòng biéjí. Yǐn’s hand-copied selection deserves attention as a unique surviving specimen of Dàoxué self-cultivation method.