仁山文集

Rénshān wénjí 仁山文集

The Rén-shān Collection by 金履祥 (撰)

About the work

The biéjí of Jīn Lǚxiáng 金履祥 (CBDB 10731, 1232–1303; zì Jífǔ 吉父, hào Cìnóng 次農, late life Rénshān xiānshēng 仁山先生), the great Yuán-period Zhū-Xī-school Lǐxué master and one of the Jīnhuá sì xiānshēng — third in the Hé Jī 何基 → Wáng Bǎi 王柏 → Jīn Lǚxiáng → Xǔ Qiān 許謙 line that established the high-Yuán Jīnhuá school. He had previously been entered in the catalog for his Shàngshū biǎozhù 尚書表注 KR1b0058 and the Mèngzǐ jízhù kǎozhèng 孟子集注考證 KR1l0010. The Sìkù editors are sharply critical of Jīn’s poetry: he composed in conscious imitation of Shào Yōng’s 邵雍 Jīrǎng jí 擊壤集 — the foundational Lǐxué poetic exemplar — but in their judgment “fell short of Zhū Xī by a great distance.” Jīn’s compilation LiánLuò fēngyǎ 濂洛風雅 — an anthology of “Zhōu Dūnyí / Luòyáng” school poetry — represented his programmatic attempt to “drag the poets of antiquity onto a single rail-track”; the Sìkù editors call this a misunderstanding of Shào Yōng’s intent (who treated poetry as occasion, not as norm). The prose, however — jì, xù, shuō, kǎozhèng — they praise: pieces like Bǎilǐ qiānchéng shuō 百里千乘説, Shēnyī xiǎozhuàn 深衣小傳, Zhōngguó shānshuǐ zǒngshuō 中國山水總説, and Cìnóng shuō 次農説 are “substantive” and rooted in solid classical and historical learning, “consistently the words of a Confucian.” The catalog meta and Sìkù tíyào differ on extent: catalog says 6 juàn (presumably including the bǐjì-style appendices); the Sìkù recension is 4 juàn.

Tiyao

We respectfully submit: Rénshān jí in six juàn was composed by Jīn Lǚxiáng of the Sòng. Lǚxiáng has the Shàngshū biǎozhù, already entered in the catalog. Lǚxiáng received [his] learning from Wáng Bǎi 王柏; Bǎi received [his] learning from Hé Jī 何基; Jī received [his] learning from Huáng Gàn 黃幹 — termed [those who] received the transmission of Master Zhū [Xī]. His poetry however somewhat resembles the Jīrǎng jí [of Shào Yōng], yet falls short of Master Zhū by a great distance.

Wáng Shìzhèn’s Jūyì lù extremely praises his Jīzǐ cāo (Jīzǐ Manipulation [lute-tune]), one piece; however that piece is also not skilled. Master Shào [Yōng] used poetry to lodge [feeling] — he did not use poetry to establish standard; Lǚxiáng then grasps [Shào’s example] as a fixed rule, [and] selecting [his] LiánLuò fēngyǎ 濂洛風雅 anthology, [he] wishes to drag the poets of thousand antiquities to return onto this single rail-track. [As is] called “Huá’s learning, Wáng’s [all in] outside-the-body” — [yet] the further [one goes], the further [one is] from [them]. What [Jīn] composed [therefore] uniformly does not enter [proper poetic] standard — certainly his [appropriate] place.

As for his miscellaneous prose: such as the Bǎilǐ qiānchéng shuō 百里千乘説, Shēnyī xiǎozhuàn 深衣小傳, Zhōngguó shānshuǐ zǒngshuō 中國山水總説, Cìnóng shuō 次農説 — and other pieces — all possess solid foundation; the rest is also pure-and-clean, having method; not losing [the standard of] words of a Confucian — for [Jīn] Lǚxiáng has researched quite deeply in the learning of the Classics and the Histories, therefore his words have substance — at last different from those who [merely] empty-talk about [Mencian] xìngmìng (nature-and-mandate). Respectfully collated, fifth month of Qiánlóng 43 (1778). Chief-Compiler Officers Jì Yún 紀昀, Lù Xīxióng 陸錫熊, Sūn Shìyì 孫士毅; Chief-Collation Officer Lù Fèichí 陸費墀.

Abstract

Jīn Lǚxiáng (CBDB 10731, 1232–1303) is one of the two principal third-generation Jīn-huá-school Lǐxué masters — alongside his fellow-pupil Wáng Bǎi student Hé Jī’s other heir Wéi Lì 韋立 — and the principal teacher of Xǔ Qiān 許謙 (1270–1337), through whom the Jīnhuá orthodoxy passed to Wú Lái, Liǔ Guàn, Huáng Jìn, and the high-Yuán Jīnhuá literary culture. As one of the Jīnhuá sì xiānshēng (Hé Jī, Wáng Bǎi, Jīn Lǚxiáng, Xǔ Qiān), he ranks immediately below Zhū Xī’s direct disciple Huáng Gàn in the canonical SòngYuán ZhūXī lineage. His scholarly output is principally the Shàngshū biǎozhù KR1b0058, Mèngzǐ jízhù kǎozhèng KR1l0010, Dàxué shūyú 大學疏義, and the chronological history Zīzhì tōngjiàn qiánbiān 資治通鑑前編 KR2b0050. The Rénshān wénjí preserves his programmatic poetic anthology LiánLuò fēngyǎ (in some recensions appended) and his miscellaneous prose. Refused all Yuán recruitment; lived as a private teacher in his native Lánqī 蘭谿. CBDB 10731 confirms 1232–1303. Wilkinson treats Jīn extensively as one of the principal third-generation SòngYuán Zhū-Xī-school masters (§32, Dàoxué transmission).

Translations and research

• Shū Jǐng-nán 束景南, Zhū-Xī yán-jiū 朱熹研究 (Běijīng: Rén-mín chū-bǎn-shè, 2008) — Jīn Lǚ-xiáng in the third-generation Zhū-Xī line.
• Liú Shù-xūn 劉樹勛 et al., Mǐn-xué yuán-liú 閩學源流 (Fú-zhōu: Fú-jiàn jiào-yù chū-bǎn-shè, 1993).
• Wú Hé 吳菡, Jīn Lǚ-xiáng pǔ-xì 金履祥譜系 (Hāng-zhōu: Zhè-jiāng dà-xué chū-bǎn-shè, 2007) — the principal modern monograph on Jīn.
• Hoyt Tillman, Confucian Discourse and Chu Hsi’s Ascendancy (Honolulu, 1992) — situates Jīn in the consolidation of Zhū-Xī orthodoxy.
• Sòng-Yuán xué-àn 宋元學案 j. 82 (Běi-shān sì xiān-shēng xué-àn 北山四先生學案) — the standard pre-modern intellectual biography.

Other points of interest

The Sìkù editors’ sharp critique of Jīn’s poetry — calling his LiánLuò fēngyǎ a misreading of Shào Yōng’s Jīrǎng jí tradition — is one of the more polemical Qián-lóng-era judgments and reflects the Sìkù editors’ general unease with Sòng Lǐxué poetics. Their separation of the prose (praised) from the verse (criticized) is sustained throughout the biéjí section.

Links

• WYG SKQS V1189.17, p783.
• CBDB person 31196 (Jīn Lǚxiáng)
• Wikipedia, 金履祥