Shāng Lù 商輅 (1414–1486), zì Hóngzài 弘載 (sometimes recorded as Hóngzǎi), hào Sùān 素菴, posthumous Wényì 文毅, was a leading Míng official of the mid-fifteenth century from Yánzhōu Chúnān 嚴州淳安 (modern Zhèjiāng). He has the unique distinction in the Míng dynasty of having achieved the sānyuán 三元 — first place in the xiāngshì (provincial), huìshì (metropolitan), and diànshì (palace) examinations — passing the metropolitan in Zhèngtǒng 10 (1445) and the palace as zhuàngyuán the same year. Only one previous Míng-period figure (Huáng Guàn 黃觀) had achieved this, and Huáng’s case was annulled by Yǒnglè; Shāng Lù is therefore conventionally counted as the only completed Míng sānyuán zhuàngyuán.
His political career bridged the Tǔmù bǔ 土木堡 crisis (1449) and the Duómén 奪門 restoration (1457). He served the Jǐngtài court as Hànlín shìjiǎng and was demoted at the restoration; recalled in Chénghuà (1465) as Bīngbù shàngshū 兵部尚書 and rose to Lǐbù shàngshū 吏部尚書 and Wényuāngé dàxuéshì 文淵閣大學士 — i.e. Senior Grand Secretary. As Grand Secretary he was a leader of the moderate-reformist faction and the principal opponent of the powerful Western Depot eunuch Wāng Zhí 汪直 — his impeachment memorial (the famous Hé Wāng Zhí shíyī zuì shū 劾汪直十一罪疏, in fact listing only ten or eleven offenses depending on witness) is preserved in his collected memorials. He retired in Chénghuà 13 (1477) and died in 1486.
His one surviving collected work is the KR2f0017 Shāng Wényì shūgǎo 商文毅疏稿 in 1 juàn — 33 memorials, edited by his son Shāng Liáng 商良 (shìjiǎng) and reprinted by his grandson Shāng Rǔyí 商汝頤. His original Sùān wénjí 素菴文集 in many juàn burned twice and is entirely lost. Míng shǐ j. 176 has his biography. CBDB id 226627; lifedates 1414–1486 from external sources (CBDB has no dates), confirmed by his jìnshì date and the catalog meta.