Mid-Qiánlóng grand secretary and waterworks specialist; native of Wújiāng 吳江, Sūzhōu prefecture (modern Jiāngsū). Zì Shàngzuǒ 尚佐; hào Zhuóxiū 拙修; posthumous name Wéngōng 文恭. Took the jìnshì in Yōngzhèng 8 (1730), entering the Hanlin Academy. Spent decades in waterworks administration—on the Yellow River, the Grand Canal, and the Huái—as commissioner for water-conservancy in successive provincial postings. Promoted to Tàizǐ tàibǎo and Senior Grand Secretary in his late seventies. He served as the principal director of compilation for three of the Qiánlóng-era Shítōng continuations—Xù Wénxiàn Tōngkǎo 續文獻通考 (KR2m0014), Xù Tōngdiǎn 續通典 (KR2m0016), and the parallel Xù Tōngzhì 續通志—working alongside Cáo Rénhǔ 曹仁虎. The corpus of his memorials and case-records on river management is preserved in the Hénán Héfáng tōngkǎo and similar agency reports. CBDB confirms 1711–1794.