Zhāng Yǒng 張勇 (1616–1684), zì Fēixióng 飛熊, posthumous Xiāngzhuàng 襄壯, was the senior Hàn-Banner Qīng frontier general of the early Kāngxī period (1660s–1680s). From Shàngyuán 上元 (modern Nanjing), he came up through military merit during the Manchu conquest of the south. His career arc as the Sìkù tíyào records it began in 1649 (Shùnzhì 6) when he was confirmed as Gānsù zǒngbīng 甘肅總兵; he was elevated through repeated frontier commands to Jìngnì hóu 靖逆侯, Jìngnì jiāngjūn 靖逆將軍, Tídū Gānsù jūnwù 提督甘肅軍務; and finally with the supplementary titles Shǎofù 少傅 and Tàizǐ tàishī 太子太師.
His command-area for some thirty-five years was the northwestern frontier — Gānsù and the Qīng-Tibetan-Mongolian zone. He fought against: the Suìzhōu Hui (回民) revolt at Sùzhōu; the Ánghàn yí (昂漢夷, an Eastern Mongol confederation) raiders; campaigns in the south during the 1670s; the Wáng Fǔchén 王輔臣 Sānfān 三藩-aligned uprising in ShǎnGān; and final defence against Galdan’s 噶爾丹 advance-guard Màilìgàn 麥力幹 in 1683–84, in the course of which he died at the Gānzhōu camp from old wounds and illness.
Zhāng was the patron-commander of two of the great Kāngxī field generals: Wáng Jìnbǎo 王進寶 and Zhào Liángdòng 趙良棟 — both rose from his junior officers (piānbēi 偏裨). Wáng Liáoshēng 王勞生 says of him: “from Kāngxī 13 (1674) onwards, despite arrow-wounds and a damaged foot, he commanded by sedan-chair for ten years; he repeatedly requested release from office, all answered by yōuzhào (gracious edicts) of comfort and retention; he governed from his sickbed.” The Sìkù tíyào gives the standard summary: “of the various generals, none received deeper grace from the two reigns [Shùnzhì and Kāngxī] than Yǒng.”
His memorials are preserved in the KR2f0034 Zhāng Xiāngzhuàng zòushū 張襄壯奏疏 in 6 juàn (120 memorials), edited by his son Zhāng Yúnyì 張雲翼, beginning with his 1649 acceptance memorial for Gānsù zǒngbīng and ending with his 1684 deathbed yíshū (testamentary memorial) at Gānzhōu. CBDB id 58403 (1616–1684).