Mǎ Huàlóng 馬化龍 (zì Yúncóng 雲從), early-Qīng ophthalmologist of Yìdū 益都 (modern Qīngzhōu 青州, Shāndōng). According to the prefaces preserved in his Yǎnkē chǎnwēi 眼科闡微 (KR3em008), Mǎ was born a Confucian scholar (rúshēng 儒生) of middling local prominence; he suffered severe eye disease in his youth that nearly cost him his sight, was cured after obtaining the Sūnzhēnrén yǎnkē mìjué 孫真人眼科秘訣 (a secret ophthalmological manuscript ascribed to 孫思邈) from a Wáng Fùwǎn 王孚萬 of Jiāngzuǒ 江左, and turned his Confucian energies to ophthalmic practice. He achieved fame “across the eastern seaboard” (Shāndōng coast) over a fifty-year career and is recorded as having restored sight to numerous patients. He received a separate manuscript on geriatric ophthalmology from Zhāng Xióngfēi 張熊飛 of Jiāngzuǒ in bǐngchén (1676), which he absorbed into his own work. CBDB carries him as person 472106 (Qīng) without dates; his lifespan c. 1630–1705 is established from the prefatorial chronology (50-year career, preface 1701, postface 1703) and is standard in modern reference works such as Zhōngguó yījí dàcídiǎn 中國醫籍大辭典. His son and grandson continued the practice. His extant work in the Kanripo corpus is Yǎnkē chǎnwēi (KR3em008); other titles attributed to him include Yǎnkē rùmén 眼科入門 (1 juǎn) and the Sūnzhēnrén yǎnkē mìjué 孫真人眼科秘訣 (7 juǎn) which he published as a separate volume.