Huáng Zhòngyuán 黃仲元
Style name Shànfǔ 善甫, sobriquet Sìrú 四如 (after the four rú 如 — “as if, as it were, like-as, just as” — of his pedagogy). Native of Pútián 莆田 in Fújiàn. Jìnshì of Xiánchún 咸淳 7 (1271) under Sòng Dùzōng. Appointed Guózǐ jiàn bù 國子監簿 (Subdirector of Personnel for the Imperial Academy) but did not take up the post, as the Sòng was already collapsing. After the Sòng’s fall in 1276 he refused all Yuán employment, changed his given name to Yuān 淵, took the style name Tiānsǒu 天叟 and the sobriquet Yùnxiāng lǎorén 韻鄉老人 (“Old Man of the Native Soil”), and lived as a teacher in his Pútián home.
His scholarship combined a generally ZhūXī orientation with a willingness to depart from the Master where evidence pointed elsewhere — a stance characteristic of the yí mín (Sòng-loyalist) Confucian generation. The Sìrú jiǎng gǎo 四如講稿 (KR1g0010) records his Wǔ jīng zǒng yì lectures in 6 juàn. The Fújiàn tōng zhì and the Pútián xiàn zhì both list a Sì shū jiǎng gǎo 四書講稿 by him, which appears to be a retitling or alternative recension of the same body of lectures. Other works recorded by Zhū Yízūn’s Jīngyì kǎo 經義考 include a Jīng shǐ biàn yí 經史辨疑 (Resolution of Doubts in Classics and Histories), now lost. He is given a brief biographical entry in Sòng shǐ liè zhuàn 宋史列傳 Yǐnyì zhuàn 隱逸傳 segment and longer treatment in the SòngYuán xué àn 宋元學案 supplement under the Pútián group of late-Sòng yí mín scholars. CBDB id 11121, dates 1231–1312.