Liú Ānshì 劉安世 (1048–1125), zì Qìzhī 器之, hào Yuánchéng 元城, was a Northern Sòng remonstrance official from Dàmíng 大名 (modern Hebei). A direct disciple of Sīmǎ Guāng 司馬光 (1019–1086), he was recommended by Sīmǎ at the start of the Yuányòu period (1086) to serve as Mìshūshěng zhèngzì 秘書省正字, then by Lǚ Gōngzhù 呂公著 to Yòu zhèngyán 右正言, rising to Zuǒ jiànyì dàfū 左諫議大夫. He was famous in his own time as the Diànshànghǔ 殿上虎 (“Hall-of-Audience Tiger”) for the boldness with which he argued against imperial policy at court — including impeachments of the favoured prime ministers and palace eunuchs.
The Shàoshèng 紹聖 reaction (1094) drove him from office; he was demoted to Zhī Nánānjūn 知南安軍, then exiled in succession to Xīnzhōu 新州, Yīngzhōu 英州, Héngzhōu 衡州, and Dǐngzhōu 鼎州. Cài Jīng 蔡京 and Cài Biàn 蔡卞 sought his death; the magistrate of Méizhōu (or another exile post) is said to have urged him to “make plans” (i.e. take his own life), to which Liú is recorded as not having shifted countenance. In old age, the eunuch favourite Liáng Shīchéng 梁師成 sought his services and offered family advancement; Liú declined, saying “If I had been planning for my descendants, it would not have come to this.” On Huīzōng’s accession (1100) he was rehabilitated and eventually restored to Zhí Lóngtú gé 直龍圖閣; he died in Xuānhé 7 (1125), aged 78 by Chinese reckoning.
His one surviving major work is the Jìnyán jí 盡言集 (KR2f0014) in 13 juàn (the Sìkù recension; some Míng witnesses give 3 juàn, evidently a misreading), preserving his court memorials. Sòng shǐ j. 345 has his biography. CBDB id 7045.