Liú Bǐngzhōng 劉秉忠 (1216–1274), originally named Liú Kǎn 劉侃, zì Zhònghuì 仲晦, monastic name Zǐcōng 子聰, hào Cángchūn jūshì 藏春居士 (“Lay Master of Storing Spring”), posthumous title Tàishī Wénzhèngōng 太師文貞公, native of Xíngzhōu 邢州 (modern Xíngtái, Héběi). Initially a young Jīn local official; on the Jīn dynasty’s fall in 1234 he entered Buddhist monastic life and studied under the Línjǐ Chán master Hǎiyún Yìnjiǎn 海雲印簡, who in 1242 presented him to the future Kublai Khan (then Shìzǔ Tàizǔ) at his Mongol encampment. From that point until his death he was Kublai’s principal Sinitic political and ritual advisor — the central architect of the Yuán dynastic institutionalization. He: designed the imperial city of Dàdū 大都 (modern Běijīng); designed the summer capital Shàngdū 上都; drafted the dynastic name “Yuán” 元 (from the Yìjīng phrase 大哉乾元 Dà zāi qián yuán “Great is the primal heaven”); fixed the official ritual, hierarchy, and ceremonial codes; selected Sinitic officials for appointment; and authored the 1267 Wànyán shū 萬言書 memorial summarizing his program. Broadly learned in Yìxué, astronomy, geography, calendrical science, and the Sānshì (Tàiyī, Liùrén, Dùnjiǎ) numerological arts. His collected works survive in the reduced six-juàn Cángchūn jí KR4d0422; his major prose memorials including the Wànyán shū are lost. He is also credited with the Yùchǐ jīng 玉尺經 (a treatise on geomancy / dynastic founding, of disputed authenticity). CBDB person 28934. Yuánshǐ j. 157.