Lǚ Kūn 呂坤 (1536–1618), zì Shūjiǎn 叔簡, hào Xīnwú 新吾 / Bàodú jūshì 抱獨居士, was a Late-Míng Lǐxué-aligned official, statecraft writer, and one of the most-cited Late-Míng moral-philosophical voices. Native of Nínglíng 寧陵 (Hénán). Jìnshì of Wànlì rénwǔ (1582); rose to Xíngbù shìláng and Bīngbù shìláng; resigned in disgust with the late-Wàn-lì court and devoted himself to scholarship and local affairs. Major works: the Shēn yín yǔ 呻吟語 (the major yǔlù notebook in 4 juan, completed Wànlì rénchén / 1592 with Guō Zǐzhāng’s preface; a 2-juan abridgement Shēn yín yǔ zhāi 呻吟語摘 in Wànlì bǐngchén / 1616, prepared by Lǚ in his late life with his son Lǚ Zhīwèi 呂知畏 — KR3a0096 is the abridgement); the Sì lǐ yí 四禮疑 (in the SKQS); the Shí zhèng lù 實政錄 (statecraft anthology); the Guī fàn 閨範 (women’s pedagogy); the Quēlǐ tú 闕里圖. Biography: Míng shǐ j. 226. CBDB id 125516, dates 1536–1618.