Chén Liàng 陳亮 (1143–1194), zì Tóngfǔ 同甫, hào Lóngchuān xiānshēng 龍川先生, posthumous Wényì 文毅 (in Duānpíng), of Yǒngkāng 永康 (Wūzhōu 婺州, modern Zhèjiāng). Shàoxī 4 / 1193 zhuàngyuán (top-place jìnshì) — taken at age 51, just one year before his death. The principal Southern-Sòng gōnglìpài 功利派 (“utilitarian school”) thinker and one of Zhū Xī 朱熹 朱熹’s great philosophical adversaries — their Wángbà yìlì zhī biàn 王霸義利之辯 (debate on king-vs.-tyrant, righteousness-vs.-utility) of 1182–1184 (preserved in the Lóngchuān wénjí and the Zhūzǐ wénjí) is the most concentrated philosophical exchange of the Southern Sòng. Friend and intellectual ally of Yè Shì 葉適 of Yǒngjiā; champion of shíshì (substantial/historical statecraft) and outspoken anti-Jin recovery advocate (his Zhōngxìng wǔlùn 中興五論 is the locus classicus). Also editor of the Sānguó jìnián 三國紀年 (separately cataloged, see Sòngshǐ Yìwénzhì and Chángzhōu xiānzhé yíshū) and of the Ōuyáng wéncuì 歐陽文粹 KR4d0069 — a 130-piece selection of Ōuyáng Xiū prefaced by Chén in Qiándào guǐsì / 1173. Sòngshǐ 436 (Rúlín zhuàn 6).