Shī zhuàn yíshuō 詩傳遺說
Posthumous Sayings on the Commentary on the Classic of Poetry edited by 朱鑑 (Zhū Jiàn, 1190–1258), Zhū Xī’s grandson
About the work
A 6-juǎn anthology of Zhū Xī’s spoken and miscellaneous Shī teachings — those preserved in the Wén jí (literary collection) and the Yǔlù (recorded sayings) but not incorporated into the Shī jí zhuàn itself — compiled by his grandson Zhū Jiàn 朱鑑 while serving as Chéngyì láng quán zhī Xìngguójūn shì in Duānpíng 2 yǐwèi (1235). The work was commissioned alongside a recutting of the Shī jí zhuàn blocks; thus its title yíshuō (“the things he said that were dropped”). Organized into sections: (1) Gānglǐng 綱領 (general principles); (2) Xù biàn 序辨 (discussion of the Shī xù); (3) Liù yì 六義 (the six modes); then the discussion of Fēng / Yǎ / Sòng; ending with discussions of yìshī 逸詩 (lost odes), the Shī pǔ 詩譜, and xié yùn 叶韻 (rhyme-fitting). The model is Zhū Jiàn’s own Yì zhuàn yíshuō — using Zhū Xī’s other writings to clarify what the Jí zhuàn itself left unfinished. Zhū Jiàn’s preface explains: the Jí zhuàn circulated in three editions (Yùzhāng 豫章, Chángshā 長沙, Hòushān 後山), with the Hòushān most carefully collated; but at the first cutting the yīn xùn (rhyme- and pronunciation-glosses) were not yet complete; the blocks could not be expanded; Zhū Xī wished to make a bǔ tuō but did not finish; Zhū Jiàn’s recutting at Fùchuān (= Xìngguójūn) restored these.
The Sìkù editors note Shǐ Róng 史榮’s Fēngyǎ yíyīn: based on Zhū Jiàn’s preface here, Shǐ Róng argues that the rhyme-glosses in the present Jí zhuàn are largely Zhū Jiàn’s bǔjū (patches), not Zhū Xī’s own — a critical point for the long-running quarrel over Zhū Xī’s Shī phonology.
Tiyao
By the Sòng Zhū Jiàn. Jiàn has the Zhū Wéngōng Yì shuō, already catalogued. This work was completed in Lǐzōng Duānpíng yǐwèi (1235) when Jiàn was Chéngyì láng acting zhī of Xìngguójūn. Because of the recutting of Master Zhū’s Jí zhuàn, he gathered from the Wén jí and Yǔlù the sayings on the Shī that could clarify what the Jí (zhuàn) yí (shuō) could mutually expound, and edited them — hence “yíshuō.” The book opens with gānglǐng, then xù biàn, then liù yì, then the discussion of FēngYǎSòng, ending with the meaning of yìshī, the Shī pǔ, and xié yùn. Using Master Zhū’s words to clarify the unfinished sense of Master Zhū — the same principle as his Yì zhuàn compilation.
Jiàn’s self-preface says: “The late Wéngōng’s Shī jí zhuàn — the Yùzhāng, Chángshā, and Hòushān editions all have a base, with the Hòushān being most carefully collated. But on first emergence from the brush, the rhyme-and-sound glosses were not yet complete; the blocks were finished and could not bear addition. He wanted to make a supplement-of-omissions and never could. The old blocks were used; patched and stretched, after a long time the text was getting worn. I came to Fùchuān; in my prefectural leisure I took the family copy and freshly emended; cut and placed it in the prefectural school.” Our dynasty’s Níngbō Shǐ Róng made the Fēngyǎ yíyīn, taking this preface as evidence that the yīnyè glosses in the present Jí zhuàn are mostly Zhū Jiàn’s bǔjū, not what Master Zhū fixed by hand. The argument seems not without basis. So neither blaming Master Zhū for yīnyè errors nor twisting in defence (of Wú Yù’s book) on Master Zhū’s account is right.
Abstract
The Shī zhuàn yíshuō is the principal Sòng-period anthology of Zhū Xī’s Shī-related writings outside the Jí zhuàn and the only complete extant Sòng witness to Zhū Xī’s spoken Shī teachings beyond the Yǔlèi. Zhū Jiàn’s editorial decision to organize the material thematically (general principles → xù-discussion → six modes → genre-by-genre discussion → lost odes / Shī pǔ / rhymes) gives a usable cross-reference framework for the Jí zhuàn. The Sìkù editors’ note on Shǐ Róng’s argument — that the rhyme-glosses (xié yùn) in the Jí zhuàn are largely Zhū Jiàn’s later additions — is the principal piece of late-imperial evidence used in modern reconstructions of Zhū Xī’s actual phonological doctrine, distinct from Zhū Jiàn’s reconstruction. The work is precisely datable to 1235 (Duānpíng 2) by Zhū Jiàn’s preface; we set both notBefore and notAfter to 1235.
Translations and research
No translation. The principal source for Zhū Xī’s xié yùn doctrine outside the Jí zhuàn; see Hé Jiǔyíng 何九盈, Shàng-gǔ yīn (Shāngwù, 1991) on the rhyme-glosses; cited in Cài Fāngdé, Zhū Xī jīngxué, on the Shī-canon teaching.
Other points of interest
The Sìkù editors’ citation of Shǐ Róng’s Fēngyǎ yíyīn — using Zhū Jiàn’s own preface as the smoking gun for the post-Zhū-Xī expansion of the xié yùn — is the technical foundation of the entire Qīng-period reorientation of Shī phonology away from the Jí zhuàn and toward the Shàngshū-style ancient-rhyme system of Gù Yánwǔ.