Shī zhuàn pángtōng 詩傳旁通
A Side-Connecting Commentary on the Commentary on the Classic of Poetry by 梁益 (Liáng Yì, zì Yǒuzhí 友直, hào Yōngzhāi 庸齋)
About the work
A 15-juǎn sub-commentary on Zhū Xī’s Shī jí zhuàn, modelled on Kǒng Yǐngdá’s and Jiǎ Gōngyàn’s zhèngyì-style procedure (“the sub-commentary documenting the zhù’s evidence”). The base position is that the Jí zhuàn is fully developed on the zuò Shī zhī yì (the intent in composing each ode) but treats míngwù and xùngǔ only summarily; Liáng Yì’s project is to give Hàn-and-Táng-style citation and source-attribution for every parallel and historical reference Zhū Xī adduces. The format follows Dù Wényīng’s YǔMèng pángtōng (a similar sub-commentary on Zhū Xī’s LúnyǔMèngzǐ commentary), and the title “pángtōng” (side-connecting) signals the same approach.
The Sìkù editors note that Liáng Yì occasionally departs from Zhū Xī’s readings — e.g. on the rhyme of qǐng kuāng jì zhī and Dà Yǎ Mín zhī yōu jì, where Lù Démíng’s Shìwén gives xǔ qì qiè / xǔ jì qiè (Zhū Xī follows), but the Lǐbù yùn gives them as separate readings (in the Wèi and Zhì rhymes respectively, with two different glosses) — Liáng Yì here cites the Lǐbù yùn against Zhū Xī, observing that “Master Zhū’s pronunciation does not agree with the Lǐbù yùn.” The editors approvingly note: “He is willing to call right right and wrong wrong, with no insistence on the school door — far different from the Hú Bǐngwén type, who climb the great name and at every word approve.”
The end-juǎn contains a discussion of Qín Zàofù 造父’s enfeoffment at Zhào and the Sòng royal house’s surname, drawing on Luó Bì 羅泌’s Guóxìng jìyuán; the Sìkù editors regard this as “redundant and undisciplined.”
Tiyao
By the Yuán Liáng Yì. Yì zì Yǒuzhí, hào Yōngzhāi, of Jiāngyīn. He signed himself “Sānshān” because his ancestors were Fúzhōu people. Once recommended at the JiāngZhè provincial examination, he never held office; he taught in his home district to the end. His record is in the Yuánshǐ Rúlín biography of Lù Wénguī.
Master Zhū’s Shī zhuàn is full on the intent of composing the odes; on names-things and xùngǔ he only sketches. Liáng Yì’s book imitates KǒngJiǎ’s shū in the format of evidencing the zhù-text. For every textual parallel the Jí zhuàn cites, he gives the source and traces the lineage. Since Dù Wényīng had earlier made the YǔMèng pángtōng with similar format, he too names this work Pángtōng.
E.g. on shèngrén zhī ǒu he cites the Western Hàn shū’s Liú Xīn discussion of Dǒng Zhòngshū; on “seeing Yáo in the soup, seeing Shùn in the wall” he cites the Hòu Hànshū Lǐ Gù biography to mark the chūdiǎn. Where Master Zhū has not gone deep, he supplies side-citations — wǔ yú and wǔ zǒng he cites Lù Diàn’s words; sān dān he cites Zhèng Xuán’s jiān and Kǒng Yǐngdá’s shū on xiàn and zú and fùdīng.
There are also occasional places where he diverges from Master Zhū. On qǐng kuāng jì zhī: the Jí zhuàn gives xǔ qì qiè; on Dà Yǎ Mín zhī yōu jì: the Jí zhuàn gives xǔ jì qiè — both following Lù Démíng’s Jīngdiǎn shìwén. Liáng Yì cites the Lǐbù yùn: xǔ jì qiè is in the Wèi rhyme, sound xì, gloss “to take”; xǔ qì qiè is in the Zhì rhyme, sound jí, written jù zhì qiè. Master Zhū’s pronunciation does not match the Lǐbù yùn.
He is willing to right or wrong each thing, with no insistence on the school door — far from Hú Bǐngwén’s type, who attach themselves to the great name and at every word approve.
The opening juǎn is lèi mù (the table of categories); the end-juǎn is xùshuō (general discussion). Inside it, one item discusses Qín Zàofù’s enfeoffment at Zhào, recording Luó Bì’s Guóxìng jìyuán. He says: “This has no bearing on the Shī zhuàn; but the Sòng house possessed the realm, and one ought to know its surname; so I include it.” Redundant text, undisciplined and meandering — could have been stopped but was not.
The work has a preface by the Tàipínglù zǒngguǎn fǔ tuīguān Bīnzhōu Dí Sīzhōng of Zhìzhèng 4 (1344). The Míng Zhū Mùjué’s Shòujīng tú mistakenly attributes the Shī zhuàn pángtōng to Dí Sīzhōng — entirely confused. We follow Zhū Yízūn’s Jīngyì kǎo on this (note: Zhū’s source is Líng Yuánfǔ’s words) and correct.
Abstract
The Shī zhuàn pángtōng is the principal Yuán-period zhèngyì-style sub-commentary on Zhū Xī’s Shī jí zhuàn and the most disciplined of the three Yuán Zhū-Xī-school Shī works (alongside Xǔ Qiān’s Míngwù chāo KR1c0027 and Liú Jǐn’s Tōngshì KR1c0028). Where Liú Jǐn’s Tōngshì attempted both yìlǐ and kǎozhèng and made errors of fact, Liáng Yì restricts himself to source-documentation and produces a more reliable result. The Sìkù editors’ positive judgement — “willing to call right right and wrong wrong, with no insistence on the school door” — is unusual praise for a Yuán Zhū-Xī-school commentator, and reflects the editors’ broader sympathy for the kǎozhèng method. The composition window is bracketed by Liáng Yì’s mature teaching career to the Zhìzhèng 4 (1344) preface that fixes the terminus ante quem of circulation.
Translations and research
No translation. Treated in Bao Lǐlì’s Yuándài Shī xué shǐ. Liáng Yì himself is occasionally treated in late-Yuán intellectual histories alongside Lù Wénguī (as he is in the Yuán-shǐ Rúlín zhuàn); the Pángtōng itself is the subject of a dedicated dissertation: Liú Tāo 劉濤, Liáng Yì Shī zhuàn pángtōng yánjiū (Húnán shīfàn dà., 2009).
Other points of interest
The Sìkù editors’ parenthetical correction of Zhū Yízūn (citing Líng Yuánfǔ rather than himself) on the Dí Sīzhōng misattribution is one of the more granular pieces of bibliographic forensics in the Shī-class tíyào; the editors take pains to credit the correction’s actual originator.