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跌打損傷回生集

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Text ID
KR3el016
Date
1856–1856
Dynasty
清

Diēdǎ sǔnshāng huíshēng jí 跌打損傷回生集

Reviving-Life Collection on Fall-Blow Injuries by 胡青崑 Hú Qīngkūn (hào Làngfēng 閬風, 清).

About the work

A three-juǎn mid-Qīng traumatology compilation by 胡青崑 Hú Qīngkūn (also written 胡青昆; hào Làngfēng 閬風), descendant of a family medical lineage in Shàngyì 上邑 (Nányì 南邑 in the colophon). The work passed through three generations of preservation before its 1856 publication: the manuscript was originally assembled across “several decades of investigation” by a great-uncle, 啟萬公 Qǐwàngōng, during the early-Qīng / mid-Qīng; in the Jiāqìng era it was transmitted to Hú Qīngkūn’s father, 位卿公 Wèiqīnggōng (who had abandoned the kējǔ examinations and turned to medicine on the principle of “if one cannot be a good minister, one can be a good physician to benefit the world”), who copied the manuscript out into three jí (collections) named Huíshēng (“reviving life”); finally in Xiánfēng 6 (bǐngchén 丙辰 = 1856), Hú Qīngkūn — by then teaching at the Yǎnglíng shūwū 養翎書屋 in Guànchéng 灌城 — was able to gather subscribers among his literary friends to fund the woodblock printing. The published work is in three juǎn (shàng / zhōng / xià or juǎn 1–3) and contains a comprehensive late-Qīng traumatology formulary.

Prefaces

The 漢學文典 recension preserves the author’s preface (_000.txt) in which the three-generation transmission history is narrated. The opening apostrophe is characteristic: “Heaven-and-Earth take love of life as their heart; the rén person takes saving men as his concern. Dispensing drugs to cure illness is the technique of saving men. But one man’s ability to save men — how does it compare to many men’s ability to save men, whose merit reaches further? And the present-moment ability to save men — how does it compare to the across-generations ability to save men, whose grace endures longer?” The colophon is dated Xiánfēng 6 / mid-autumn, first ten-day cycle (1856), signed “Nányì Làngfēng Hú Qīngkūn writing at the Yǎnglíng shūwū in Guànchéng.”

Abstract

The composition window of the published recension is Xiánfēng 6 (1856); the underlying manuscript material is older (Qǐwàngōng’s late-Qiánlóng / Jiāqìng compilation, and Wèiqīnggōng’s Jiāqìng-era three-jí redaction), but the editorial form of the work as we have it is Hú Qīngkūn’s 1856 publication. The date adopted here is 1856.

Structurally:

  • Juǎn 1 — Diēdǎ sǔnshāng xiǎoyǐn 跌打損傷小引. General introduction distinguishing the four key categories: shāng 傷 (injury — defined as “skin-broken / blood-shown”), sǔn 損 (damage — “bone-pain”), diē 跌 (fall — from a height; “first sustained then frightened”), and dǎ 打 (blow — in a fight; “first frightened then sustained”). The work’s signature methodological principle is the order-of-treatment rule: for diē, treat the injury first then the zhènjīng 鎮驚 (calming-the-fright); for dǎ, calm the fright first then treat the injury.
  • Juǎn 2 — Zǒnglùn 總論. General principles of jīnrèn sǔnshāng (sword-and-blade injuries) and dǎpū diēzhuì (fall-and-blow injuries), with extensive discussion of the yūxuè 瘀血 (stasis-blood) / wángxuè 亡血 (lost-blood) distinction: closed-injury patients with internal blood-pooling require nèigōng (internal attack), while open-wound patients with substantial blood-loss require bǔérháng (tonify-while-quickening). This is firmly in the late-Qīng xuèyū lùn paradigm.
  • Juǎn 3 — Shuǐyào gē 水藥歌 and formulary. Versified mnemonics for the decoctions (e.g. Guīwěi yǔ Shēngdì, Bīngláng Chìlíng jū, sì wèi kān wéi zhǔ — “use guīwěi and shēngdì, bīngláng and chìlíng as the foundation,” with site-specific add-ons). The decoction-mnemonic is a paraphrase of KR3el010’s canonical Yòngyào gē. Then a comprehensive named-formula section: Zhǐxuè zhùtòng shēngjī sǎn 止血住痛生肌散 (haemostatic / pain-stopping / flesh-generating powder, useful for fall-injuries, animal-bites, sword-wounds, swelling-and-suppuration), Éléng sǎn 莪稜散 (with sānléng, ézhú, chìsháo, huángbǎi, qiānlǐmǎ, bīngláng, yánhúsuǒ, chénpí, zǐsū, xīxiāng, mángxiāo, huánglián — for whole-body pain from extensive trauma), and a long appendix of further compound prescriptions.

The work is one of the principal mid-19th-century witnesses to the popularisation of the KR3el010 異遠真人 Yìyuǎn Zhēnrén Diēsǔn miàofāng tradition — Hú Qīngkūn paraphrases the Yòngyào gē and extends the framework with material from his family’s lineage. Together with KR3el005 (1891), KR3el011 (1815), KR3el013 (1808), and KR3el014 (1852), it is one of the five key Qīng-period synthetic traumatology compendia.

Translations and research

Other points of interest

The diē vs. dǎ methodological distinction in juǎn 1 — treat the injury first vs. calm the fright first — is one of the clearer late-Qīng articulations of the zhènjīng (fright-calming) doctrine in traumatology. It assumes a clinically meaningful difference between a person who falls and then has the fright-reaction (with the somatic injury already dominant) versus a person who is suddenly attacked and then sustains injury (with the jīng / fright as the dominant initial pathology). This is a striking pre-modern Chinese articulation of what would later become the modern concept of acute psychological-shock physiology.

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