Sānyú jí 三餘集
Three-Surplus Collection by 黃彥平 (撰)
About the work
Sānyú jí 三餘集 in 4 juǎn is the literary collection of Huáng Yànpíng 黃彥平 (d. 1139), Lìbù lángzhōng 吏部郎中 of the early Southern Sòng — demoted in Jìngkāng (1126) for being close-friends with Lǐ Gāng 李綱. The title alludes to Dǒng Yù 董遇 of the Three Kingdoms — the sānyú dúshū (three surpluses for reading: winter is the surplus of the year; night, of the day; rain, of the season) trope. Reconstituted from the Yǒnglè dàdiǎn by the Sìkù editors as 2 juǎn of fù+poetry and 2 juǎn of miscellaneous prose. The author’s name is reported in unusually divergent forms across the bibliographic tradition (next-mountain Cìshān, fourth-Cén Cìcén, and zì fourth-Cén Jìcén — all the same person). The Sìkù editors disentangle this confusion through cross-reference to the Fēngchéngxiànzhì genealogical record.
Tiyao
Sānyú jí in 4 juǎn. Examining: the Sānyú jí — the world has no transmitted-version. Only scattered-and-visible in the Yǒnglè dàdiǎn. Yet what the various yùn record, titled Huáng Cìcén count over 70 pieces; titled Huáng Cìshān count 5 pieces — already mutually-conflicting. Within the collection there is one Jiànshāntáng jì, the piece-end signed Yùzhāng Huáng Cìcén; while the Yǒnglè dàdiǎn separately records Xiè É’s 謝諤 composed Sānyú jí xù, then says Liújiāng Huáng Jìcén — gēnghù xiāngchuǎnwǔ (alternately mutually-confused). The Sòng shǐ Yìwénzhì makes-it Huáng Jìcén Yùyú jí; Jiāo Hóng’s 焦竑 Guóshǐ jīngjízhì makes-it Huáng Cìshān Sānyú jí. The Qiánxián xiǎojí shíyí records one of his poems; the Lìdài míngchén zòuyì records three of his prose-pieces; both make-it Huáng Cìshān.
Recently Lì È’s Sòng shī jì shì says Huáng Cìshān, zì Jìcén — zhǎnzhuǎn yìtóng (turning-and-turning, divergent-and-similar) — almost beyond jiūjié (ascertainable). Only the Fēngchéngxiànzhì records: of the Sòng, Huáng Délǐ 黃得禮, zì Zhízhōng, Yuányòu (1086–94) jìnshì, once was Liǔzhōu jūnshì cānjūn — agrees with the collection’s Xiāndàfū shù one-piece. Further records [Délǐ’s] elder son named [Huáng] Yànfǔ 彥輔, zì Bóqiáng, of Zhènghé attained jìnshì; second son [Huáng] Yànpíng 彥平, zì Jìcén, hào Cìshān, of Xuānhé attained jìnshì; in Jiànyán beginning office to Lìbù lángzhōng; out as Tídiǎn Húnán xíngyù. Records his lineage, names, examination-rank, career — all clearly itemized.
So the composer of this collection is Huáng Yànpíng. As-for Cìcén, Cìshān, Jìcén — perhaps copyists’ errors, or occasionally the zì used as the míng. As to its name Sānyú — surely takes Three-Kingdoms Dǒng Yù’s sānyú dúshū meaning. The Sòng shǐ makes-it Yùyú — also a graphic-form similarity error.
Yànpíng in Jìngkāng beginning was demoted for being close to Lǐ Gāng. After the southward-crossing he repeatedly sent-up jiāzǐ discussing affairs — much jiànbái (clearly-explicit). His Lùn shǎngfá one-memorial — its discussion especially píngyǔn (balanced-and-fair). Subsequently Liú Guāngshì and Lǚ Zhī’s gain-and-loss came-out as he predicted — rú cāoquàn rán (as-if holding-tally). Also a gāngzhèng yǒushí (resolute-and-just, with-discernment) gentleman.
Further: Zhāng Duānyì’s Guìěr jí says: Mǎ Zǐfāng was a guard-prefect; in his entourage Huáng Cìshān composed an opening-felicitation but it did-not-please the Court. He himself revised, saying: “Just-at-the-age-of 4 × 9 (= 36); Mǎichén self-knew his future-nobility; right-at the year of yǐsì (1125); Yuānmíng already composed his Return” — solidly not-daring to compare-himself to the ancients; wishing to zhézhōng yú fūzǐ (compromise with the master). Huáng dà fú (greatly admired). This is his xūxīn cóngshàn (humble-mind to follow good) — different from those yīcháng zìzú (with-one-strength self-sufficient) — appropriate that his prose is gōng (skilled).
Today, based on what survives in the Yǒnglè dàdiǎn, edited into fù-and-shī 2 juǎn, miscellaneous-prose 2 juǎn — preserving his prose so-as to also preserve the man. Respectfully collated, Qiánlóng 46 (1781), 9th month.
Abstract
The Sānyú jí presents an unusually thick textile of bibliographic confusion. The author’s name, zì, and hào are recorded variously across SòngYuánMíng catalogs as Huáng Cìshān, Huáng Cìcén, Huáng Jìcén, and Huáng Yànpíng (with collection-titles Sānyú jí and Yùyú jí). The Sìkù editors resolve the confusion by cross-reference to the Fēngchéngxiànzhì genealogical entry: the author is Huáng Yànpíng (zì Jìcén, hào Cìshān), second son of Huáng Délǐ (whose career is corroborated by Yànpíng’s Xiāndàfū shù in the collection itself).
The collection’s principal historical interest: Huáng was a Yuányòu-faction casualty (demoted in 1126 for friendship with Lǐ Gāng) who reentered office under Gāozōng and composed a series of jiāzǐ memorials — the most striking, on rewards-and-punishments, predicting the failure of Liú Guāngshì and Lǚ Zhī. The Xiè É 謝諤 preface to the collection (preserved in the Yǒnglè dàdiǎn) places Huáng in a literary genealogy descending from Ōuyáng Xiū through Hú Quán of Lúlíng (= Hú Quán 胡銓 of Xīshān) — a genealogical claim that locates Huáng’s prose in the Wáng Ānshí simplicity tradition and his poetry in a Huáng Tíngjiān / Dù Fǔ lineage.
CBDB id 15449 has only the death year 1139.
Translations and research
- 謝諤 Sān-yú jí xù — preserved in Yǒng-lè dà-diǎn, reproduced in WYG.
- 張端義 Guì-ěr jí — preserves the Mǎ Zǐ-fāng qǐ anecdote.
- 厲鶚 Sòng shī jì shì — partially anthologises Huáng’s verse.
- No dedicated Western-language study located.
Other points of interest
- Distinguish from Huáng Cìshān 黃次山 of the late Sòng (different person, different collection). The bibliographic confusion is itself part of the historical record; the Sìkù editors’ philological work on this point is exemplary of Yǒnglè dàdiǎn-recovery methodology.