Shùnquán fāngbiàn jīng 順權方便經

Sūtra of Skillful Means in Conformity with the Provisional translated by 竺法護 (Zhú Fǎhù / Dharmarakṣa, 譯)

About the work

The Shùnquán fāngbiàn jīng (T565) is a two-fascicle Mahāyāna sūtra by Dharmarakṣa 竺法護 (竺法護). The Sanskrit equivalent is Strīvivartavyākaraṇa — a sūtra on a woman’s vyākaraṇa (Buddhahood-prediction). Cf. KR6i0198 (T566) for Tánmóyéshè’s parallel translation.

Prefaces

The text opens with the canonical formula.

Abstract

The text concerns a woman’s reception of vyākaraṇa through the bodhisattva’s upāya (skillful means). The title’s shùnquán 順權 (“conforming to the provisional”) refers to the doctrine of upāya — adapting teaching to the recipient’s level. Translation dated to Dharmarakṣa’s productive period (266–308 CE).

Translations and research

  • Paul, Diana Y. Women in Buddhism. Berkeley, 1979.
  • Schuster, Nancy. “Changing the Female Body.” JIABS 4 (1981).