Fó wèi Hǎilóngwáng shuō fǎyìn jīng 佛為海龍王說法印經

Sūtra in which the Buddha Expounds the Dharma-Seal to the Sea-Nāga King translated by 義淨 (Yìjìng, 譯)

About the work

The Fó wèi Hǎi-lóngwáng shuō fǎyìn jīng (T599) is a very short one-fascicle Mahāyāna sūtra translated by Yìjìng 義淨 (義淨). It transmits the celebrated formula of the four “Dharma-seals” (法印, dharma-uddāna) — that all conditioned things are impermanent, all conditioned things are suffering, all phenomena are without self, and nirvāṇa is peace — to the Sea-Nāga king Sāgara.

Prefaces

The text opens with the canonical formula.

Abstract

A miniature Yìjìng translation of an Indic Mahāyāna dharma-uddāna formula sūtra, datable within his Cháng’ān period (700–711 CE). The text is excerpted from the broader Sāgara-nāgarāja-paripṛcchā tradition (cf. KR6i0232). It served in East-Asian Buddhism as one of the standard pedagogical mini-sūtras for transmitting the four-seals doctrine.

Translations and research

  • Lamotte, Étienne. L’Enseignement de Vimalakīrti. Louvain, 1962 — discussion of the four dharma-uddānas.
  • No dedicated English translation located.
  • CBETA T15n0599
  • Kanseki DB
  • 義淨 DILA
  • Dazangthings date evidence (705) — T = CBETA [Chinese Buddhist Electronic Text Association]. Taishō shinshū daizōkyō 大正新脩大藏經. Edited by Takakusu Junjirō 高楠順次郎 and Watanabe Kaigyoku 渡邊海旭. Tokyo: Taishō shinshū daizōkyō kankōkai/Daizō shuppan, 1924-1932. CBReader v 5.0, 2014.