Dàrì jīng zhǔ yìyì shì 大日經主異義事

On the Differing Positions on the Mahāvairocana-sūtra’s Teaching-Master by 宥快 (記)

About the work

A single-fascicle survey-treatise of the principal medieval Shingon positions on the Mahāvairocanasūtra teaching-master question, by Yūkai 宥快 (1345–1416) of Kōya-san Hōshō-in. The signature is explicit: “Yūkai’s private record” 宥快私記.

Abstract

Authorship. Yūkai.

Date. Within Yūkai’s mature career, late 14th to early 15th century.

Content. The work surveys the principal medieval Shingon positions on the Teaching-Master question, organized by scholastic-lineage tradition. The opening list:

  1. 法性院并三藏院Hosshō-in and Sanzō-in: hold the “same Bhagavān-phrase as teaching-master” position. The Six-Element Dharma-Body is only the Principle-Buddha substance.

  2. 正智院Shōchi-in: holds two positions. (a) The Bhagavān is the Six-Element Dharma-Body. (b) [Further position to be specified in body.]

  3. (Further lineages and their distinctive positions on the Teaching-Master question.)

The work proceeds to survey systematically the major Shingon scholastic-lineage traditions — Hosshō-in, Sanzō-in, Shōchi-in, and others — and their characteristic positions on the Mahāvairocanasūtra teaching-master question. For each, Yūkai provides:

  • The doctrinal-positional statement of the lineage’s position.
  • The scriptural foundation cited in support.
  • The contrast with other lineages’ positions.

Yūkai’s own settled position emerges in the work’s conclusion: the Kogi-Shingon (Kōya-san) orthodox position that the Six-Element Dharma-Body is the svabhāvakāya Mahāvairocana himself, who is the Teaching-Master of the Mahāvairocanasūtra in his proper fundamental-ground (本地) mode.

Significance. The work is one of the most useful doxographic-survey treatises in the medieval Shingon corpus, providing a systematic survey of the principal scholastic-lineage positions on the Teaching-Master question. It is a key documentary source for the reconstruction of medieval Shingon scholastic-lineage diversification.

Translations and research

  • No Western-language translation located.
  • Ryūichi Abé, The Weaving of Mantra (Columbia, 1999).