Zhāng Qià 張洽
Style name Yuándé 元德. Posthumous title Wénxiàn 文憲. Native of Qīngjiāng 清江 in Jízhōu 吉州 (modern Jiāngxī). Lifedates 1161–1237 per modern reference works (CBDB id 12439 records lifedates as 0–0 only).
Jìnshì of the Jiādìng era (probably Jiādìng 4, 1211 — the same examination as Zhēn Déxiù). Direct disciple of Zhū Xī 朱熹 (1130–1200); accompanied Zhū during Zhū’s tenure as Director of the Báilùdòng shūyuàn 白鹿洞書院 in the Chúnxī era (1170s) and later at the Wǔyí jīngshè 武夷精舍 in Fújiàn. Held a series of provincial posts including Yuánzhōu jiàoshòu 袁州教授; declined senior court appointments to remain at home and devote himself to scholarship.
In Duānpíng 1 (1234), the Lǐzōng court — at that point pursuing a programme of Dàoxué canonisation — learned that Zhāng was at home composing books and dispatched an imperial commission to copy and present his Chūnqiū commentary. Zhāng was elevated to Zhī Bǎozhānggé 知寶章閣 (Knowledge of the Bǎozhāng Pavilion, an honorary advisorship), but died shortly thereafter. The posthumous title Wénxiàn and deposition of his work in the Imperial Archives followed.
His principal Chūnqiū works:
- Zhāngshì Chūnqiū jí zhù 張氏春秋集注 in 11 juan (with 1-juan Gāng lǐng) (KR1e0048) — surviving Zhū-school Chūnqiū commentary, modelled on Zhū Xī’s Sìshū jí zhù.
- Chūnqiū jí zhuàn 春秋集傳 — the larger companion work, gathering HànTáng and Sòng commentary; lost.
Also wrote a Yìjīng commentary, a Lúnyǔ commentary, and a substantial collected works Yānlíng wén jí 鋟令文集 (largely lost; some pieces in Quán Sòng wén 全宋文).
In the early-Míng Hóngwǔ era, Zhāng’s Jí zhù was prescribed alongside Hú Ānguó’s 胡安國 Chūnqiū zhuàn as the imperial-examination canon for the Chūnqiū — the only Classic with two prescribed commentaries, reflecting the early Míng’s attempt to balance the ZhūXī and ChéngYí lines of Dàoxué. The Yǒng-lè-era Hú Guǎng Chūnqiū dàquán (1415) eliminated Zhāng’s commentary in favour of Hú alone.
CBDB id 12439.