Mǎ Péizhī 馬培之 (míng Wénzhí 文植, Péizhī, 1820–1903) was the most celebrated physician of the Mènghé 孟河 (Wújìn) school in the 19th century and one of the leading clinicians of late-Qīng China. Native of Mènghé village (in Wújìn 武進, Chángzhōu prefecture, Jiāngsū), he descended from a five-generation medical lineage and developed the family practice into a clinical orthodoxy that combined jīngfāng (classical-formula), warm-disease, and external-medicine skills. In 1880 (Guāngxù 6) he was summoned to Beijing to treat the Empress Dowager Cíxǐ 慈禧 alongside a panel of leading physicians; his role in the imperial consultation made him nationally famous. His extant clinical records — including the Héhuǎn yífēng 和緩遺風 (KR3ed066, “Lingering Style of [the great early-Spring-and-Autumn physicians] Yī Hé and Yī Huǎn”), the Mǎ Péizhī yīān 馬培之醫案, and several external-medicine works — are major sources for the Mènghé synthesis that would, through his disciple’s-disciple Dīng Gānrén 丁甘仁, shape early-Republican Shanghai medicine. No CBDB entry.