Táng Zōnghǎi 唐宗海 (1847–1897), zì Róngchuān 容川, was a late-Qīng physician of Péngshān 彭山 (Sìchuān) active in Shànghǎi, conventionally regarded as the founder of the Chinese-Western medical-synthesis school (中西匯通派). A jǔrén of 1889, he served briefly in the Hànlín before turning fully to medicine. Deeply familiar with the Protestant medical-missionary texts (Hobson 合信, Dudgeon 德貞, Kerr 嘉約翰) circulating in the late-19th-c. treaty-port milieu, he produced the first systematic Chinese-language attempt to integrate Western anatomy with Nèijīng physiology. His ZhōngXī huìtōng wǔ zhǒng 中西匯通五種 (collected 1893) comprises:
- ZhōngXī huìtōng yī jīng jīng yì 中西匯通醫經精義, 1892 (KR3ea044).
- Yī yì tōng shuō 醫易通說.
- Jīnguì yào lüè qiǎn zhù bǔ zhèng 金匱要略淺注補正.
- Shānghán lùn qiǎn zhù bǔ zhèng 傷寒論淺注補正.
- Běn cǎo wèn dá 本草問答.
His Xuě zhèng lùn 血證論 (8 juan, 1884), a comprehensive treatise on blood disorders, is his most clinically influential work and remains a standard PRC TCM reference. He died in 1897 aged 50.