Qìnglì-era gǔwén polemicist and Northern-Sòng pre-Lǐxué Confucian, zì Shǒudào 守道, hào Cúlái xiānshēng 徂徠先生, of Yǎnzhōu Fèngfú 兗州奉符 (Tàishān region). Jìnshì of Tiānshèng 8 / 1030. Disciple and lifelong collaborator of Sūn Fù 孫復; together with Sūn and Hú Yuán 胡瑗 the canonical “Sān xiānshēng” 三先生 of Northern-Sòng pre-Lǐxué Confucianism. Held Jiāzhōu pànguān, Zhí jíxiányuàn, Tōngpàn Púzhōu, Guózǐ zhíjiǎng. Author of the Guài shuō 怪說 polemics (attacks on Buddhism, Daoism, and XīKūn poetry as the three “freaks” of the Sòng) and the Qìnglì shèngdé shī 慶曆聖德詩 (1043) — the partisan poem celebrating Hán Qí, Fù Bì, Fàn Zhòngyān, Ōuyáng Xiū as worthies and naming Lǚ Yíjiǎn and Xià Sǒng 夏竦 as wicked, which became the cause of his post-mortem political ruin. Died 1045 age 41; subject of the famous “fake-death” rumour that Hán Qí refuted by exhuming his coffin in person. Surviving collection: Cúlái jí KR4d0028 (20 juǎn). CBDB id 17935.