Zēngxiū hùzhù Lǐbù yùnlüè 增修互註禮部韻略
The Augmented Liturgical-Bureau Rhyme-summary, with Cross-Glosses by 毛晃 (Máo Huǎng, fl. 1162, 增注) and his son 毛居正 (Máo Jūzhèng, 重增)
About the work
The principal Southern-Sòng expansion of the Lǐbù yùnlüè — i.e. the official examination rhyme-book treated more briefly at KR1j0060. Conventionally cited under the abbreviated title Zēngyùn 增韻 (Augmented Rhyme-book). Composed by Máo Huǎng of Qúzhōu (an early-Southern-Sòng miǎnjiě jìnshì, fl. Shàoxīng 32 / 1162) on the grounds that Dīng Dù’s 丁度 Lǐbù yùnlüè covered too few characters for working rhymes; Máo gathered classical citations and added 2,655 new entry-graphs, 1,691 new quān (cross-rhyme circles), and 485 corrections. His son Máo Jūzhèng (author of the Liùjīng zhèngwù 六經正誤 and collator of the imperial-canon Nine-Classics edition) further added 1,402 graphs in his chóngzēng (re-augmentation), with each graph’s source clearly labelled: 增入 / 今圈 / 今正 (the father’s additions); 重增 (the son’s). Argumentative-glosses (biànlùn kǎozhèng) are signed by name. The whole gives a Sòng family-collaboration philological project unusual in scale, though the Sìkù tíyào judges Máo’s broad inclusion of jiǎjiè (loan-graph) and xǐngwén (abbreviated-graph) variants insufficiently discriminating between Old and Modern usage. The Cáozhāi Bǎoyòu 4 / Bǐngwǔ 1246 Xiùyán shāntáng chóngkān print preserved by the Sìkù is described as exceptionally clean.
Tiyao
The Zēngxiū hùzhù Lǐbù yùnlüè in 5 juàn. Annotated and augmented by Máo Huǎng, miǎnjiě jìnshì of Qúzhōu in the Sòng; collated and re-augmented by his son Máo Jūzhèng. This is the work commonly cited as Zēngyùn. Máo Huǎng once composed Yǔgòng zhǐnán 禹貢指南; Máo Jūzhèng once composed Liùjīng zhèngwù and once collated the imperial-edition Nine Classics — i.e., a family of classical scholarship. The book takes Dīng Dù’s Lǐbù yùnlüè as base, on the grounds that its character-coverage was too tight; in Yuányòu 5 (1090) bóshì Sūn È petitioned for additions; in Shàoxīng 11 (1141) jìnshì Huáng Qǐzōng followed with a supplementary collection — none of these completed. Máo therefore searched the canonical literature and added by rhyme-class. Following the yùnlüè’s convention of using inkbordered circles around graphs of variant form or reading, he found these too were full of errors and inconsistencies, and rectified them. He added 2,655 graphs, added 1,691 quān (cross-rhyme circles), and corrected 485 graphs. Máo Jūzhèng followed up with another 1,402 graphs (each juàn totalling its own additions); under each graph the entry is internally annotated: “zēngrù” / “jīnquān” / “jīnzhèng” — all by the father; “chóngzēng” — by the son. Argumentative-glosses are signed in name. Father-and-son-in-tandem completing the work, with much labour. Each graph carries duplicate-form entries (after the Jíyùn example) and supplementary readings (after the Guǎngyùn example). Yet, not knowing the difference between Old and Modern characters, nor the difference between Old and Modern phonology — under dōng 東 部 tōng 通 niǔ, citing Hàn Yuèfǔ, Máo adds 桐 — using a jiǎjiè as the original character; under 同 niǔ, citing the Bīn fēng, adds 重 — using an abbreviated form as the standard form. Likewise under xiān 先 部 xiān niǔ, citing Hàn Yuèfǔ, adds 西 — using Old phonology in regulated verse; under 煙 niǔ, citing Dù Yù’s Zuǒzhuàn commentary, adds 殷 — using a borrowed sound as the original reading — all of these are “ruling on Hàn law-cases by Táng law” — neither truly old nor truly current — hard to apply. Compared with Ōuyáng Délóng’s Yāyùn shìyí KR1j0062 and its hùzhù, this is far more than the usual gap (the shàng- and xiàchuáng (top-and-bottom-bunk) trope). Yet his arguments and corrections to philological gloss and stroke-distinction are useful for xiǎoxué; later character-and-rhyme-books still cite him. So the book is preserved here as a useful collation reference. Míng prints are quite corrupt; this copy preserves the Sòng convention of leaving a one-character space before each Sòng niánhào, and at the end is signed “Tàisuì bǐngwǔ Zhòngxià Xiùyán shāntáng chóngkān” — i.e., Lǐzōng Bǎoyòu 4 / 1246, cut in Shǔ — far cleaner than recent editions. Presented Qiánlóng 44 / 8 (1779). General Editors Jì Yún, Lù Xīxióng, Sūn Shìyì; Chief Collator Lù Fèichí.
Abstract
The Zēngxiū hùzhù Lǐbù yùnlüè is the principal Southern-Sòng family expansion of the official examination rhyme-book of Dīng Dù 丁度. Compiled in two stages: Máo Huǎng’s zēngzhù of c. Shàoxīng 32 (1162; the jìnbiǎo memorial begins “Your Servant in the 39 years of Your Majesty’s reign…” suggesting Gāozōng’s reign) added 2,655 graphs and corrected the rhyme-circle marking; his son Máo Jūzhèng’s chóngzēng (after 1200) added 1,402 more, with named biànlùn. The Sìkù preserves a Bǎoyòu 4 (1246) Shǔ print of the work — extending the notAfter well into the late Sòng. The book is well-known in subsequent xiǎoxué scholarship as the Zēngyùn 增韻 (Augmented Rhyme-book). The tíyào’s critique — that Máo Huǎng confuses Old and Modern phonology and jiǎjiè / zhèngzì — is methodologically significant in the Qīng-period emergence of historical phonology, but does not vitiate the work’s role as an institutional rhyme-supplement. Date bracket notBefore = 1162 (Máo Huǎng’s jìnbiǎo) to notAfter = 1246 (the surviving Bǎoyòu 4 print).
Translations and research
- Píng Tián Chāng-sī 平田昌司. 1986. Sòng-dài de yùn-shū yǔ kē-jǔ 宋代の韻書と科擧. — Treats the Zēng-yùn alongside the original Lǐ-bù yùn-lüè.
- Zhào Zhèn-duó 趙振鐸. 2012. Jí-yùn xiào-běn. — Cites the Zēng-yùn extensively as collation witness for the Jí-yùn.
Other points of interest
The Máo father-and-son project is one of a small number of Sòng-period collaborative philological works completed across two generations. The fact that the son’s chóngzēng additions are individually labelled in the running text is exceptional: it permits the textual historian to peel off the two layers cleanly — useful for measuring Southern-Sòng lexical growth.