Shānghán zhí zhǐ 傷寒直指
Direct Pointing at Cold Damage by 強健 (Qiáng Jiàn, fl. late seventeenth–early eighteenth century, 清) — the catalog meta gives 成無己 in error; the actual author is the early-Qīng Shanghai physician Qiáng Jiàn
About the work
A sixteen-juan comprehensive early-Qīng Shānghán compendium by the Shanghai physician 強健 Qiáng Jiàn (signing the preface only as “(健)”). The work is a synthesis: the first eight juan present the Shānghán lùn canonical text with collected commentary from 成無己 Chéng Wúyǐ through 喻昌 Yú Jiāyán plus Qiáng’s own analytical commentary; the latter eight juan are a reorganization and abridgement of 林瀾 Lín Lán (zì Guānzǐ 觀子)‘s Shānghán zhé zhōng 傷寒折衷 (printed 1680, 20 juan), supplemented with Nèi jīng and other-source material on the four diagnostic methods (望色舌法) and on lèi zhèng (cognate-syndrome) differentiation.
Abstract
Composition window 1680–1720 is bracketed by the publication of Lín Guānzǐ’s Zhé zhōng (the principal source for the latter half) and the conventional dating of Qiáng’s productive period. The Kanripo catalog assigns authorship to 成無己 Chéng Wúyǐ — this is incorrect: Qiáng Jiàn cites Chéng extensively (Chéng is the foundational Sòng–Jīn Shānghán commentator), but Qiáng is the actual compiler. The misattribution likely reflects a librarian’s misreading of citation depth as authorship.
Qiáng’s editorial preface — preserved in the Kanripo source — articulates several distinctive doctrinal positions: (1) sharp criticism of 喻昌 Yú Jiāyán (Yú Jiāyán 喻嘉言)‘s “chán shuō yī” 禪說醫 (talking about medicine in Chán-Buddhist terms) as “jǐ chéng mó lù” 幾成魔錄 (almost a demonic register); (2) acceptance of 王履 Wáng Lǚ (Āndào 安道)‘s Sù huí jí 溯洄集 critique of the canonical “三百九十七法，一百一十三方” count; (3) recognition that the received Shānghán lùn is incomplete — citing internal evidence (the yángmíng chapter lacks 目痛, the shàoyáng chapter mentions 胸脅滿 without 痛, etc.); and (4) commitment to a layered six-stage therapeutic protocol (應表→應和→應清/應下→應溫/應補) rather than a strict prescription-to-conformation mapping.
The work — completed but not printed in Qiáng’s lifetime — circulated only in manuscript for over 240 years and was first printed from the original draft only in the late twentieth century. The Kanripo jicheng.tw base edition derives from this modern printing.
The complete sixteen-juan structure: 辨平脈法一卷 + 傷寒序例一卷 + 六經形證五卷 + 原方一卷 + 望色舌法一卷 + 類證四卷 + 附方一卷 + 諸家名論二卷 = 16 卷.
Translations and research
- No substantial English-language treatment located.
- The work was edited and printed by the Zhōngyī gǔjí zhěnglǐ cóngshū 中醫古籍整理叢書 in the late twentieth century (《中國古醫籍整理叢書·傷寒金匱》).
Other points of interest
The work is one of the very few major Qīng Shānghán compendia to survive in manuscript-only transmission for over two centuries before its first printing — an unusual case of late-modern recovery of an early-Qīng work. Qiáng’s polemical critique of Yú Jiāyán’s Chán-Buddhist medical rhetoric is also one of the more pointed early-Qīng objections to that current.
Links
- See KR3e0008 (Chéng Wúyǐ’s Zhù jiě Shānghán lùn, which the Kanripo catalog confused with this work).
- See KR3ef001 (parent Shānghán lùn).
- 博客來-傷寒直指
- 博客來-傷寒折衷
- 傷寒直指 jicheng.tw
- Kanseki DB