Lúshān Tiānrán chánshī yǔlù 廬山天然禪師語錄
Recorded Sayings of Chán Master Tiān-rán of Lú-shān by 函昰 (說), 今辯 (重編)
The major twelve-juan yǔlù of Tiānrán Hánshì 函昰 天然函昰 (1608-11-21 – 1685-09-25, age 78), 34th-generation Cáodòng-school dharma-heir of Chángqìng Kōngyǐn Dàodú 長慶空隱道獨 and the founding patriarch of the Hǎiyún 海雲 lineage that dominated Lǐngnán Buddhism in the late Míng / early Qīng. Native of Pānyú 番禺 (Guǎngzhōu), lay surname Zēng 曾, lay scholar (passed the provincial examination) before tonsure under Kōngyǐn Dàodú at Lúshān Guīzōng in 崇禎己卯 = 1639.
The 12-juan corpus is a zhòngbiān (re-compilation) by his Cáodòng dharma-heir Jīnbiàn Lèshuō 今辯 今辯樂說 (1637–1695), drawing together separate yǔlù from each of the master’s earlier abbacies (Léifēng 雷峰, Qīxián 棲賢, Huáshǒu 華首, Hēlín 訶林). Three prefaces are preserved at the head of juan 1, dating the strata of the textual tradition: a 1642 preface by co-disciple Hánxiū 函修 (崇禎壬午冬日), a 1648 preface by lay disciple Liáng Diànhuá Jīnzhuǎn 梁殿華今轉 (順治戊子孟春), and the 1670 preface by Lù Shìkǎi Jīngèn 陸世楷今亙 (康熙庚戌上元) describing the publication of the consolidated 12-juan version. notBefore = 1642 (earliest preface and earliest abbacy at 訶林); notAfter = 1670 (publication of the re-compiled 12-juan). Printed as Jiāxīng Canon J38 B406. The catalog dynasty is registered as 明 because Hánshì’s recorded teaching career began in the late Chóngzhēn era and most material in the yǔlù is from before the 1644 dynastic transition.
Contents. Juan 1: three prefaces, 塔銘, 行狀, shàngtáng. Juan 2–3: xiǎocān. Juan 4–5: pǔshuō and cháhuà. Juan 6: shìzhōng chuíshì. Juan 7: jǔgǔ, wèndásòng. Juan 8: wèndá, sònggǔ. Juan 9: zàn, jì, míng. Juan 10: shūwèn (epistolary). Juan 11–12: zázhù, fóshì, with the 《梅雪詩》 appended at the end.
Tiyao
Not applicable — Jiā-xīng-canon imprint (J38 B406).
Translations and research
- 時志明 2006. 〈論詩僧函昰的山水詩〉, 《韶關學院學報》 27.2.
- 馮煥珍 2003. 〈天然函昰禪師的悟道因緣及其禪教並重的宗趣觀〉, 《現代哲學》 2.
- 荒木見悟 著, 廖肇亨 譯 2006. 《明末清初的思想與佛教》. Táiběi: Liánjīng, p. 124.
- Jiang Wu 2008. Enlightenment in Dispute: The Reinvention of Chan Buddhism in Seventeenth-Century China. New York: Oxford University Press — discusses Tiān-rán within the Lǐng-nán Cáodòng revival and the Hē-lín / Hǎi-yún network.
Other points of interest
The 12-juan yǔlù is the canonical assembled yǔlù of Tiānrán; smaller per-monastery yǔlù circulated earlier. 今辯’s editorial principle was to merge the dispersed earlier collections into a single ordered corpus following standard yǔlù genre-divisions (shàngtáng → xiǎocān → pǔshuō → shìzhōng → jǔgǔ → wèndá → sònggǔ → zàn jì míng → shūwèn → zázhù → fóshì), a structuring used as a model by later Lǐngnán Cáodòng yǔlù.
Links
- CBETA
- DILA authority: A010057 (函昰), A000111 (今辯)
- Dharma-teacher: Chángqìng Kōngyǐn Dàodú 長慶空隱道獨
- Dharma-grandfather: Bóshān Wúyì Yuánlái 博山無異元來
- Major co-disciple: Dànguī Jīnshì 澹歸今釋