Tán-luán 曇鸞 (476–542), one of the Five Patriarchs of Chinese Pure Land Buddhism. Native of Yàn-mén 雁門 (modern Shānxī). Originally a Confucian-trained scholar, he turned to Buddhism after recovering from a serious illness, and is reported to have studied initially with the Daoist longevity-master Táo Hóngjǐng 陶弘景 (456–536) before turning definitively to Buddhism. He met 菩提流支 Bodhiruci (the great Northern-Wèi translator) c. 529 and received from him the Sukhāvatī-vyūhopadeśa (T1524, Vasubandhu’s Pure Land upadeśa) and the Visualization Sūtra. Tán-luán’s Wǎngshēng lùn zhù 往生論註 (T1819) is the foundational doctrinal commentary of East Asian Pure Land Buddhism. He died in 542 in Yáng-jīng 陽京 (the Northern-Wèi-period administrative seat in modern Shānxī) at age 67.