Zhàn Ruòshuǐ 湛若水 (1466–1560), zì Yuánmíng 元明, hào Gānquán 甘泉, posthumously Wénjiǎn 文簡, was the founder of the Gānquán xuépài 甘泉學派 — the third major school of Mid-Míng Lǐxué alongside the Yáojiāng (Wáng Yángmíng) and the HéDōng (Lǚ Nán). Native of Zēngchéng 增城 (Guǎngzhōu region, Guǎngdōng). Jìnshì of Hóngzhì yǐchǒu (1505); rose under Jiājìng to Lǐbù shàngshū, Bīngbù shàngshū, and Nánjīng Lǐbù shàngshū. Lived to 95. Major doctrinal innovation: suí chù tǐ rèn tiānlǐ 隨處體認天理 (“everywhere embody-and-recognise tiānlǐ”) — a methodological position bridging Wáng Yángmíng’s liáng zhī and the more orthodox ZhūLǐxué qióng lǐ. Major works: the Gé wù tōng 格物通 (KR3a0094, 100 juan, presented to Jiājìng in 1528); the Chūn qiū zhèng zhuàn 春秋正傳; the Gānquán wén jí 甘泉文集. Biography: Míng shǐ j. 283 (Rúlín zhuàn). CBDB id 131191, dates 1466–1560.