Paramārtha 真諦 (Skt. Paramārtha “Highest Truth”; also called Kulanātha 拘羅那陀; Chinese gloss 親依 Qīnyī; DILA Authority A000962; 499–569) was an Indian monk and one of the most important translators in Chinese Buddhist history, best known for his transmission of Yogācāra and Abhidharma literature to East Asia. He was a native of Ujjayinī (烏伕尼國) in western India and travelled to China at the request of Liáng Wǔdì 梁武帝, arriving in the southern capital of Jiànkāng 建康 in Tàiqīng 太清 2 (548). He had to flee the An-Lushan-period rebellion of Hóu Jǐng 侯景 and worked variously at Fùchūn 富春, Yùzhāng 豫章, and finally Guǎngzhōu 廣州, where he died on 11 February 569 (Chén Wéndì Tiānjiā 4 / 1 / 11).
His translations include the Abhidharma-kośa-bhāṣya (《阿毘達磨俱舍釋論》, T1559, 567 CE — the foundational text of Chinese Abhidharma), the Mahāyāna-saṃgraha (《攝大乘論》, T1593, with Buddhabhadra) and its commentary by Vasubandhu, the Mahāyāna-śatadharma-prakāśamukha (《大乘百法明門論》, T1614 — but this attribution is disputed in some catalogues), the Vijñaptimātratā-siddhi-trimśikā (《唯識論》, the predecessor of Xuánzàng’s T1585), and many others including the [[KR6a0097|Guǎng-yì fǎ-mén jīng 廣義法門經]] (T97). His translation idiom is in the high Chén-period register and would later become a foundation-stone of Sui-Tang Yogācāra exegesis.