High-Qīng Buddhist scholar-monk; the most authoritative Huá-yán-school commentator of the Qián-lóng era. Zì Dá-tiān 達天 (commonly cited as Dá-tiān Tōng-lǐ 達天通理). Lifedates 1701 – 1782-07-22 (Qián-lóng rén-yín 6/13), age 82. Posthumous title Chǎn-jiào Chán-shī 闡教禪師 (“Chán Master Expounding the Teaching”). Sources: Xīn-xù gāo-sēng zhuàn 新續高僧傳 j. 10. Multiple works in the Xù-zàng-jīng; the Jīn-gāng xīn-yǎn shū jīng-jiē hé-shì 金剛新眼疏經偈合釋 (KR6c0075, X25 no. 487) — a synthetic commentary that combines verse-by-verse sūtra explanation with the Asaṅga / Vasubandhu Vajracchedikā verses — was completed by 乾隆三十年 = 1765 (per its preface).
name: 通理 pinyinName: Tōnglǐ alternateNames: [恒策, 開玄, 通理大師] dynasty: 遼 birthDate: 1048 deathDate: 1098 cbdbId: dilaAuthorityId: created: 2026-05-06 updated: 2026-05-06
Eminent Liáo-dynasty Buddhist monk. Dharma-name Héngcè 恒策, style Kāixuán 開玄; lay-surname Wáng 王; Tōnglǐ 通理 was an imperial-bestowed title (賜號). Native of Xīnánzhèn, Fánshānxiàn, Fèngshèngzhōu, Xījīngdào 西京道奉聖州樊山縣新安鎮 (modern Fánshānbǎo, Zhuōlùxiàn, Héběi). Born in Liáo Xīngzōng Chóngxī 17 (1048); ordained at age 7. Active during Liáo Dàozōng 道宗’s Xiányōng 咸雍, Dàkāng 大康, and Dàān 大安 reigns; died in Shòuchāng 4 (1098). Held in the highest honour by the Liáo court — granted purple robes, more than a hundred imperial-clan and high-officials taking him as master. Devoted his life to jiǎngjīng 講經 (lecturing on sūtras), chuánjiè 傳戒 (precept-ordination), and kèjīng 刻經 (stone-engraving of canonical texts), particularly the continued cutting of the Fángshān shíjīng 房山石經 at Yúnjūsì 雲居寺 (under his sponsorship the engraving phase from 1093 to 1095, Liáo Dàozōng Dàān 9 to Shòuchāng 1). After the engraving stoppage he retired to Liánhuāyù 蓮花峪 in the northwest mountains of Fángshān; later summoned by Dàozōng as Nèidiàn chànhuǐzhǔ 內殿懺悔主 (“master of confession-rituals at the Inner Hall”). Compiler of the Jīngānglǐ 金剛禮 KR6v0073, a lǐchàn manual based on the Vajracchedikā, datable to the period of the stone-engraving (1093–1095).