Mid-Northern-Sòng councillor and Yánguān statesman, zì Zhìguī 稚圭, posthumous Zhōngxiàn 忠獻, of Xiāngzhōu Ānyáng 相州安陽 (Héběi). Jìnshì of Tiānshèng 5 / 1027 (joint third). Held Yánguān offices, prefect of multiple regional capitals, Shǎnxī jīnglüèshǐ during the early SòngXīXià war (with Fàn Zhòngyān as his deputy at the Hǎoshuǐchuān defeat of 1041); Cānzhī zhèngshì under Rénzōng in Qìnglì 5 / 1045 and again 1060; Tóng zhōngshū ménxià píngzhāngshì (Zǎixiàng) under Yīngzōng (1063–1067) — the principal political figure of the Púyì 濮議 succession-ritual debate of 1065–1066. Under Shénzōng sent out as Pàn Xiāngzhōu; the principal Yánguān opponent of Wáng Ānshí’s Xīníng reforms (his Lùn Qīngmiáo memorial of 1069 survives in his collection). Died Xīníng 8 / 1075 age 68. Together with Fù Bì 富弼 and Wén Yànbó 文彦博 the canonical “Sān shàngxiàng” 三上相 of the Qìnglì / Jiāyòu generation. Surviving collection: Ānyáng jí KR4d0024 (50 juǎn, original size, with Jiāzhuàn / Biélù / Yíshì appendices). Composed shéndào bēi for Zhāng Yǒng 張詠. CBDB id 630.