Huángdì Nèijīng Sùwèn jiàoyì 黃帝內經素問校義
Collation Notes on the Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic, Basic Questions by 胡澍 (Hú Shù, 1825–1872, 清) — author
About the work
The Sùwèn jiàoyì is a short but philologically rigorous late-Qīng collation of the Huángdì nèijīng Sùwèn by Hú Shù 胡澍 (1825–1872), zì Hǎifǔ 荄甫, a scholar of phonology and the Hàn Confucian classics native to Jīxī 績溪 in Huīzhōu (Ānhuī). The text survives in only one juan (the project was left unfinished at the author’s death) and treats roughly seventy difficult readings in the opening chapters of the Sùwèn. Hú collates the 林億 Lín Yì recension against the Yuán Xióng Zōnglì 熊宗立 print, the Míng Dàozàng recension (KR5d0040), and pre-Táng quotations preserved in encyclopaedias, applying the standard methodology of the late-Qīng Hànxué school: phonetic loan-character analysis, comparison of variant graphs, and recourse to early citations to recover archaic readings lost in 王冰 Wáng Bīng’s interpretation.
Prefaces
The opening (KR3ea006_000.txt) carries an anonymous third-person preface — almost certainly by 俞樾 Yú Yuè or a close associate, in characteristic QiánJiā style — locating Hú Shù in the lineage of Hàn-philological revivalism (中年多病，留心方書) and reviewing five of his most important readings as samples: (i) on 飲食有節起居有常不妄作勞 (1.1) Hú restores 全元起 Quán Yuánqǐ’s reading 不妄不作 against Wáng Bīng’s 不妄作勞, citing the Yuè lìng commentary in 鄭玄 Zhèng Xuán for 作 = 詐 and demonstrating the rhyme pattern (數度/俱去); (ii) on 不時御神 he restores 時 = 善 (citing the Máo zhuàn on the Xiǎoyǎ Qí biàn 頍弁); (iii) on 皆謂之 he reads 謂 as a loan for 為 (citing the 王充 Wáng Chōng Lùnhéng Xiào lì piān 效力篇 quotation of the Shàngshū Zǐ cái 梓材); (iv) on 唯聖人從之故身無奇病 he emends 奇 to 苛 (= 疴) on graphical and contextual grounds. These are representative of his method throughout.
Abstract
Hú Shù was a leading member of the late-Qīng Wǎn-school (皖派) of philological exegesis, a friend of 俞樾 Yú Yuè, 孫詒讓 Sūn Yíràng, and 章太炎 Zhāng Tàiyán’s teacher Yú Mǎngfán. His main contributions are to phonology (the Shuōwén jiězì jiào yì 說文解字校議) and to the philology of the Yīng shī and the Mencius. The Sùwèn jiàoyì was undertaken in the last decade of his life, when chronic illness drew him to medical literature; he died in 1872 before completing the project. The single-juan extant fragment was edited and printed posthumously by Yú Yuè (俞樾) in 1881 as part of the Hú Shǎo zōngbó yízhù 胡少宗伯遺著 collection, and reissued in modern collections such as the Sānsānyī jí 三三醫籍 (1924) and the People’s Medical Publishing’s Lìdài Sùwèn yánjiū wénjí.
俞樾 Yú Yuè’s own Nèijīng biànyán 內經辨言 (KR3ea034) is the philologically closest companion work; together with Hú’s Jiàoyì they constitute the foundational late-Qīng philological corpus on the Sùwèn and are routinely cited together in modern critical apparatuses (e.g. in the Renmin Weisheng punctuated edition of the Huángdì nèijīng).
Translations and research
- Qián Chāochén 錢超塵, Nèijīng yǔyán yánjiū 內經語言研究 (Beijing: Renmin Weisheng, 1990) — the most exhaustive modern engagement with Hú Shù’s emendations.
- Modern reprints in Sānsānyī jí 三三醫籍 (1924) and Lìdài zhōngyī zhēnběn jíchéng 歷代中醫珍本集成 (Sānlián shūdiàn).
Links
- Wikidata Q11102849 (Hú Shù).
- Wikipedia 胡澍 (中文).