Shānghán zhígé 傷寒直格
Direct Standard of Cold Damage by 劉完素 (Liú Wánsù, zì Shǒuzhēn 守真, ca. 1110 – ca. 1200, 金)
About the work
A three-juan exposition of cold-damage doctrine framed through Liú Wánsù’s “fire-and-heat” (火熱) doctrinal lens, in question-and-answer format. The work is one of the principal vehicles for the JīnYuán Héjiān 河間 school’s reinterpretation of the Shānghán tradition, presenting cold-damage symptoms as the surface manifestation of underlying internal-heat etiologies, with cooling-and-clearing prescriptions (notably 白虎湯, 涼膈散, 三承氣) elevated to first-line therapeutic status.
Abstract
Composition is placed in Liú Wánsù’s mature period (ca. 1172–1200). The text is preserved within the Héjiān liù shū 河間六書 corpus, the canonical six-work collection of Liú’s writings circulating in the Yuán and Míng. The Zhígé’s arrangement in three juan, addressing the doctrinal foundation, clinical syndromes, and prescriptive system in turn, makes it a usable clinical handbook as well as a doctrinal polemic. Liú’s Sùwèn xuánjī yuánbìng shì 素問玄機原病式 (KR3e0047) and Xuānmíng lùn fāng 宣明論方 (KR3e0048) supply the broader doctrinal apparatus; the Zhígé is the specific application to cold-damage.
The Zhígé’s reception in the YuánMíng Héjiān line is central: 馬宗素 Mǎ Zōngsù (KR3ef037) and other Héjiān-school derivatives draw directly on it. In late-Qīng / Republican period it was reprinted as part of the Héjiān liù shū (河間六書) by the Shànghǎi Shāngwù 商務印書館.
Translations and research
- Mǎ Jìxīng 馬繼興, Sòng-Yuán Shānghán xué shù yán-jiū (1988).
- Hinrichs and Barnes (eds.), Chinese Medicine and Healing (2013), 119–145 (Goldschmidt) for the Jīn-Yuán schools.
- No substantial Western-language secondary literature located.
Links
- See KR3ef009 (the parallel Biāoběn xīnfǎ lèicuì).
- See KR3ef034 (the derivative Héjiān Shānghán xīn yào of Líu Hóng 鎦洪).
- See KR3ef037 (Mǎ Zōngsù’s Liú Héjiān Shānghán yījiàn).
- 傷寒直格 jicheng.tw
- Kanseki DB