Fǎ jìng jīng 法鏡經

The Sūtra of the Dharma-Mirror (Ugra-paripṛcchā) by 安玄 (Ān Xuán, 譯)

About the work

This 1-fascicle text by 安玄 Ān Xuán (the Eastern-Hàn lay-Buddhist translator) is the earliest Chinese version of the Ugra-paripṛcchā — the Mahāyāna sūtra of the Inquiry of Ugra, one of the foundational texts of bodhisattva-path doctrine. Ān Xuán was a contemporary collaborator of 安世高 Ān Shìgāo and 支婁迦讖 Lokakṣema in the late-Hàn translation circle.

Prefaces

No formal preface.

Abstract

The translation is conventionally datable to 安玄 Ān Xuán’s translation activity at the late-Hàn capital, c. 181 – 188 CE. The bracket adopted here reflects this window. The work is one of the most consequential bodhisattva-path texts in Buddhist canonical literature; modern scholarship (Nattier 2003) has substantially reassessed the Ugra-paripṛcchā as a foundational document for the early Mahāyāna movement.

The Taishō text (T0322) is established on the standard apparatus.

Translations and research

  • Nattier, Jan. A Few Good Men: The Bodhisattva Path according to The Inquiry of Ugra (Ugraparipṛcchā). Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2003 — The standard recent monograph and English translation; reassesses the Ugra-paripṛcchā as the foundational document of early bodhisattva-yāna.

Other points of interest

  • Nattier’s 2003 study of the Ugra-paripṛcchā is one of the most consequential modern reassessments of early Mahāyāna textual history; it argues that the Ugra-paripṛcchā presents a “lay-monastic combined” path very different from the later mature Mahāyāna’s universalising rhetoric.