法璽印禪師語錄

Fǎxǐyìn chánshī yǔlù 法璽印禪師語錄

Recorded Sayings of Chán Master Fǎ-xǐ-yìn by 印 (說), 性圓 (等編)

About the work

Twelve-juan yǔlù of Fǎxǐyìn 印 法璽印 (also Zhèngyìn 正印), the principal dharma-heir of Zhuānyú Guānhéng 顓愚觀衡 (1579–1646, at KR6q0433) and the editorial compiler of his master’s yǔlù. Fǎhuì 法諱 Yìn 印 (catalog-form); full-form Fǎxǐyìn 法璽印 / Zhèngyìn 正印. 31st-generation Línjì in the Xiàoyán Débǎo → Hànshān Déqīng → Guānhéng → Fǎxǐyìn sub-line. 41st-generation Bodhidharma descendant. Sichuan-origin (“蜀人”). Compiled by dharma-heirs Xìngyuán 性圓 性圓, Xuánjī 旋璣, Xuánzhé 旋哲, and Xuánxián 旋賢. Cut at Jiāxīng Léngyánsì 嘉興楞嚴寺 in Kāngxī 15 / 1676 lunar 4 (closing colophon “Kāngxī shíwǔ nián sìyuè rì Léngyánzàngjīngfáng fùbǎn 康熙十五年四月日楞嚴藏經坊附板”), essentially simultaneously with the 1675 cutting of his master’s KR6q0433 at the same cutting-house. Non-commentary; commentedTextid omitted. Printed as Jiāxīng Canon J28 B220.

Abstract

Author. Fǎ-xǐ-yìn was born in Sichuan (“蜀人”) sometime in the 1610s or 1620s (precise dates not preserved). Trained under Zhuān-yú Guān-héng at Yún-jū-shān Wèi-bái-sì in the 1640s. In 1642 winter, Guān-héng appointed him as xī-táng 西堂 at Yún-jū-shān (co-xī-táng with Fāng-róng-xǐ 方融璽 as dōng-táng) and formally transmitted the fǎ-yī 法衣, rú-yì 如意, Tripiṭaka, and cí-zhǐ wén-quàn 慈旨文券 in the Míng-yuè-táng 明月堂 midnight ceremony.

Post-master editorial and abbatial life (1646–1676). Following Guānhéng’s 1646 death and the 1662 Yúnjū tomb-fire that destroyed early editorial work on his master’s yǔlù manuscript, Fǎxǐyìn moved to several abbacies while slowly reconstructing the manuscript. First formal abbacy:

Four abbacies. Per Yú Sānyíng’s 1676 preface reference to “shī sìhuì yǔlù 師四會語錄” (“four-assembly recorded-sayings”):

(1) Jiāngxī Nánkāngfǔ Jiànchāngxiàn Fèngqīshān Tóngān Chánsì 江西南康府建昌縣鳳棲山同安禪寺 — first abbacy, entered Kāngxī 1 壬寅 11.4 (= 14 December 1662 Western). The Tóngān seat is one of the ancient Cáodòng ancestral seats (Tóngān Dàopī 同安道丕 and Tóngān Guānzhì 同安觀志 of the Táng era); Fǎxǐyìn’s mid-Kāng-xī restoration is a significant post-transition revival. Two juan (j.1–2) of the yǔlù’s shàngtáng corpus cover Tóngān.

(2) Yuèshān Lóngmén 越山龍門 (Zhèjiāng Shàoxīng region) — mid-tenure abbacy, one juan (j.3) of the yǔlù.

(3) Dūchéng Qīnghuàsì 都城清化寺 (Běijīng capital) — imperial-capital abbacy, one juan (j.4) of the yǔlù.

(4) Yùzhāng běidì 豫章北地 (Jiāngxī Nánchāng area) — fourth abbacy referenced in the preface.

Central editorial project. Throughout the 1660s–1675, Fǎxǐyìn’s primary work was the re-compilation and cutting of his master Guānhéng’s yǔlù (KR6q0433). Yú Sānyíng’s preface testifies: “shī yǐ chóng kè Zhuān héshàng yǔlù zhī gù, wǎnglái Wǔlín Jiāhé Zháchuān Hánshuǐ zhī jì 師以重刻顓和尚語錄之故往來武林嘉禾霅川邗水之際” (“on account of re-cutting Zhuān héshàng’s yǔlù, he traveled between Wǔlín / Jiāhé / Zháchuān / Hánshuǐ”). The 1675 cutting of KR6q0433 at Jiāxīng Léngyánsì was followed one year later by the cutting of his own yǔlù KR6q0434 at the same cutting-house in 1676 lunar 4 (Kāngxī 15).

Compositional history. Front-preface by Yú Sānyíng 余三瀛 (三韓, a Korean-or-eastern-frontier official family; Fǎxǐyìn’s lay dharma-disciple through his late-father’s sponsorship of Tóngān’s restoration), dated 康熙拾伍年歲在丙辰佛誕日 = Kāngxī 15 丙辰 lunar 4.8 = Buddha’s Birthday 1676 ≈ 18 May 1676 Western. Signed at 苕溪公署 (Tiáoxī civil office — Yú was then a Zhèjiāng Huzhou-area official). The prefatorial apparatus is unusually thin compared to other J28 yǔlù — only one dated front-preface. notBefore = 1662 (壬寅 11.4 Tóngān first shàngtáng); notAfter = 1676 (cutting and preface).

Contents by juan. (j.1) front-prefaces + Tóngān shàngtáng 同安上堂 + wǎncān 晚參; (j.2) Tóngān shàngtáng continued; (j.3) Lóngmén shàngtáng 龍門上堂 + Yuèshān shēngzuò 越山陞座; (j.4) Qīnghuà shàngtáng 清化上堂 + wǎncān; (j.5) xiǎocān 小參 + pǔshuō 普說 + shìzhòng 示眾 + cháhuà 茶話; (j.6) fǎyǔ 法語; (j.7) kānyàn jīyuán 勘驗機緣 + cānjiàn jīyuán 參見機緣; (j.8) shū 書 + qǐ 啟; (j.9) zhēnzàn 真讚 + zìzàn 自讚; (j.10) sònggǔ 頌古 + jì 偈 + shī 詩; (j.11) fóshì 佛事; (j.12) mùshū 募疏 + zázhù 雜著.

Tiyao

Not applicable — this is a Jiā-xīng-canon imprint (J28 B220), not a WYG text. Yú Sānyíng’s 1676 front-preface provides the compositional documentation. No xíngshí or tǎmíng present — Fǎxǐyìn was still alive at the cutting.

Translations and research

• See KR6q0433 under Translations for the broader Guān-héng / Hàn-shān sub-line context. Fǎ-xǐ-yìn as the principal editor of Guān-héng’s yǔlù is mentioned in Jiang Wu 2008.
• Liào Zhào-hēng 廖肇亨 (2013). Tóng-ān restoration context.
• No Western-language treatment of Fǎ-xǐ-yìn specifically.

Other points of interest

• Paired cutting with KR6q0433. Fǎxǐyìn’s own yǔlù KR6q0434 was cut at Jiāxīng Léngyánsì in 1676 lunar 4, exactly 6 months after the cutting of his master Guānhéng’s yǔlù KR6q0433 at the same cutting-house in 1675 lunar 11. The two volumes are editorial companions: Fǎxǐyìn spent decades assembling Guānhéng’s yǔlù, then immediately had his own cut as a continuity-document. The paired J28 B219 / B220 Jiāxīng sequential-numbering reflects this deliberate curatorial choice.
• Tóngān restoration (1662). The Jiāngxī Jiànchāng Fèngqīshān Tóngān Chánsì — classical Cáodòng ancestral seat — had fallen into disrepair during the MíngQīng transition. Fǎxǐyìn’s 1662 winter entry as the first post-war restoration-abbot is specifically dated to Kāngxī 1 / 1662 lunar 11.4 and is a significant Jiāngxī Buddhist recovery-event. The patronage came through Yú Sānyíng’s late father, then serving as Jiāngyòu fānsī 江右藩司 (Jiāngxī provincial vice-governor).
• Yú Sānyíng and the Korean-frontier connection. The 三韓 (SānHán, “Three Hán”) attribution for Yú Sānyíng indicates descent from the early Qīng Korean-frontier families incorporated into the Manchu banner-system — a small but specific datum for the Korean-origin Qīng administrator-patron of mid-Kāng-xī Chán. Yú’s father served as a high Jiāngxī provincial official in the 1650s–60s; Yú Sānyíng himself was at Húzhōu Tiáoxī as a civil official by 1676. The family’s frontier-Manchu origin and their adoption of Chán lay-patronage is a noteworthy datum for the cultural integration of Qīng civil-service.

Links

• CBETA
• Dharma-teacher: Zhuānyú Guānhéng (at KR6q0433).
• Grand-teacher: Hànshān Déqīng 憨山德清 (1546–1623).
• Editorial counterpart: KR6q0433 《紫竹林顓愚衡和尚語錄》 — which Fǎxǐyìn himself edited.
• Compilers: 性圓 Xìngyuán + Xuánjī 旋璣 + Xuánzhé 旋哲 + Xuánxián 旋賢.
• Preface-writer / lay-patron: Yú Sānyíng 余三瀛 (三韓, Korean-frontier Manchu-banner civil official).