Bì 璧 (Shānhuī Bì 山暉璧 / Chángsōng Bì 長松璧)
Mid-seventeenth-century Línjì Chán master, the principal Qīng-era mission-founder of institutional Chán in Guìzhōu (southwestern frontier). Dharma-heir of Zìshuǐ Yuánliáo 字水圓䂐 (1605–c. 1640s, at KR6q0436) in the Pòshān Hǎimíng 破山海明 sub-line of the Mìyún Yuánwù tradition; additional training residence at Yùlín Tōngxiù 玉林通琇’s Bàoēnsì 報恩寺. Fǎhuì 法諱 Bì 璧, hào Shānhuī 山暉 / Chángsōng 長松.
Training. First encountered Yuánliáo at Qīlíngsì 棲靈寺 (Kāixiàn, Sichuan) in the early Chóngzhēn era (1630s). Followed Yuánliáo to Kuímén Wòlóng 夔門臥龍 in 1638; tonsured 1638 lunar 11.14 (= ~20 December 1638). Accompanied Yuánliáo on the 1639 Jīngnán grave-sweeping journey. Additional training at Jiāngzhè and Bàoēn.
Guìzhōu mission (1651 onwards). 辛卯 1651: settled at Méiéshān 㠟峨山 in Guìzhōu. Five-abbacy network: Píngyuèfǔ Lóngmén Hùguóyuàn 平越府龍門護國; Píngyuèfǔ Xīngqìng Wànshòuyuàn 興慶萬壽; Wèngānxiàn Chuānyún Shèngēnyuàn 甕安川雲聖恩; Huángpíngzhōu Gāolán Chángsōngyuàn 黃平高藍長松 (giving his alternate hào Chángsōng); Yángzhōufǔ Gāoyóu Fúhǎiyuàn 揚州府高郵福海 (late-career Jiāngnán seat).
Historical significance. Shānhuī’s 5-abbacy Guìzhōu network is the first documented substantial Chán-institutional establishment in the Guìzhōu frontier. The Chóngqìng disciple Fúhuì 福慧’s preface explicitly compares him to Wáng Yángmíng 王陽明 during the latter’s 1508–10 Lóngchǎng exile (which introduced Confucian learning to Guìzhōu): Shānhuī brought the same-scale religious-institutional impact to the province for Chán.
Birth and death dates not preserved in accessible portions; active 1638–c. 1670s.
Work: KR6q0437 《山暉禪師語錄》 (12 juan, Jiāxīng Canon J29 B223, compiled by 如崇 Rúchóng and 宗上 Zōngshàng; two undated front-prefaces by Xiāo Yuánhuì 蕭元會 and Fúhuì 福慧).
Sources: KR6q0437 juan 1 prefaces; scattered dated references in juan 6 (tonsure-date 1638.11.14), juan 11 (Wòlóng residence 1638), juan 12 (1639 Jīngnán trip and Qīlíngsì early-attendance); Qí Lǐjiā 齊立家, 《貴州佛教史》.