Zhōu Xuéhǎi 周學海 (1856–1906), zì Chéngzhī 澄之 (also 澂之), hào Jiànxiá 健霞, was a late-Qīng scholar-official and physician of Jiànyáng 建陽 (Ānhuī). Jìnshì of 1888 (Guāngxù 14), he served briefly in the Hézhōu 河州 prefecture in Gānsù and then retired in his thirties to Wúhú 蕪湖, where he devoted himself to medical scholarship. He is the most prolific Late-Qīng compiler of medical reference works, having assembled the Zhōu shì yī xué cóng shū 周氏醫學叢書 in thirty-two zhǒng — the most comprehensive medical cóngshū of the late Qīng and an indispensable witness for the printing history of the medical canon. His original works include: Nèijīng píng wén 內經評文 (KR3ea032), Mài yì jiǎn mó 脈義簡摩 (3 juan), Mài jiǎn bǔ 脈簡補 (2 juan), Dú yī suí bǐ 讀醫隨筆 (3 juan, on clinical case-records). His “literary-rhetorical” reading of the Nèijīng — assessing it as a piece of Hàn-period rhetoric rather than purely as a medical-doctrinal text — was admired by Zhāng Tàiyán 章太炎 and other Republican-era scholar-physicians.