Péng Jìqīng 彭際清 / Péng Shàoshēng 彭紹升 (1740–1796), styled Èrlín jūshì 二林居士 (“Two-Forests Lay Practitioner”) and Zhīguīzǐ 知歸子 (“Master Knowing-Refuge”), the most important late-Qīng lay Buddhist intellectual. Native of Suzhou. Born to a literati family of the Péng 彭 lineage of Chángzhōu 長洲, he passed the jìnshì 進士 examination in 1765 but turned to Buddhist study and lay practice, eventually becoming the principal lay-Buddhist scholar of late-eighteenth-century China.
His major works include the Jū shì zhuàn 居士傳 (a 56-fascicle compilation of lay-Buddhist biographies), the Niàn fó tǎn 念佛壇 (a Pure Land devotional manual), the Wú liáng shòu jīng qǐ xìn lùn 無量壽經起信論 (a commentary on the Sukhāvatīvyūha), the Huáyán niàn fó sānmèi lùn 華嚴念佛三昧論 (X1030, Treatise on the Recitation-of-Buddhas Samādhi of the Huáyán), and the Yī chéng jué yí lùn 一乘決疑論 (X1029, Treatise on Resolving Doubts about the One-Vehicle). His distinctive synthesis combined the Pure Land lay-devotional tradition with the Huáyán-school doctrinal framework, producing a late-Qīng Buddhist syncretism that became the foundation of the early Republican-period Chinese Buddhist revival.
He died in 1796 at age 57.