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三山來禪師語錄

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Text ID
KR6q0454
Date
1655–1668
Dynasty
清

Sānshān Lái chánshī yǔlù 三山來禪師語錄

Recorded Sayings of Chán Master Sān-shān Lái by 燈來 (說), 普定 (編)

About the work

Sixteen-juan yǔlù of Sānshān Dēnglái 燈來 三山燈來 (1614–1685), third-generation head of the Jùyúnpài 聚雲派 (Guǎngzhēn → Tiěbì Huìjī → Dēnglái) and the principal Chán-publishing impresario of the lineage — compiler of KR6q0448, KR6q0449, KR6q0450 (the grandfather and father volumes), author of the systematic 《五家宗旨纂要》 KR6q0169, and lay-name Zēng Shǒudìng 曾守定 zì Bùbō 不波 of Zhōngzhōu 忠州 (Sìchuān). Compiled by the shūjì disciple Pǔdìng 普定. Front-preface by Tán Yì 譚詣 yǎngyuán jūshì 養元居士 of Nánpǔ 南浦, dated 大清康熙戊申上元日 = 1668/1/29 (Gregorian) at Yúnān zhī Jìngxiūzhāi 雲安之靜修齋 (the late-Míng grand secretary Wén Ānzhī 文安之’s 1644 retreat-studio at Yúnān). Printed as Jiāxīng Canon J29 B244. Contents (j. 1–16): shàngtáng (j. 1–2); xiǎocān / cháhuà (j. 3); shìzhòng / fǎyǔ (j. 4); jīyuán / kānbiàn / wèndá (j. 5); fóshì / tízàn / NánZhè èr shī tǎmíng (j. 6); 《五宗頌》 (j. 7); 《宗統頌》 (j. 8); 《頌古著拈》 (j. 9–12); shūwèn / 行實 (j. 13); zájì / 《石龍吟》 / 《念佛歌》 (j. 14); záshù (j. 15); Jiāxīngfǔ Tiānníng Chányuàn yǔlù (j. 16).

Abstract

Authorship. Juan 13 xíngshí 行實, narrated 乙未小年 = 1655 winter at the request of the liǎngtáng shǒulǐng 兩堂首領, gives the principal biographical account in Dēnglái’s own voice — the second of two extant Sānshān self-biographies (the other is in his 《年譜》 preserved within the KR6q0451 j. 20 apparatus). Native of Diànjiāng 墊江 (本川 = Sìchuān), lay surname Zēng 曾, scholar-gentry household with multiple xiāngxù 庠序 / huáng-tang 黌堂 candidates; failed xiāngshì multiple times. Encountered Chuīwàn Guǎngzhēn 廣真’s 《古音王傳》 in his youth, then Tiěbì Huìjī 慧機’s and Tiěméi Sānbāzhǎng 慧麗’s yǔlù, vowing to become a Jùyún heir. Mother died at his age 26 (= 1639); after three years (= 1642) father also died; he served briefly in his elder brother’s military-administrative office through the warfare years; tonsured under Diàoyán 弔巖 and NánZhè 南浙 èr shī (the 二師 of the j. 6 tǎmíng) in the 1640s. Decisive contact with Tiěbì at Qīngshāndǐng 青山頂 in 戊子 12/22 = 1648/12/22 lunar; awakening on 己丑 12/26 = 1650/2/6 while reading the Yányáng / Zhàozhōu yīwù bù jiānglái exchange. Subsequent jìshì service under Tiěméi Sānbāzhǎng in 1649 (departing with the fùfǎ of Tiěméi by way of Ěrān 嵩 after 1650); main fùfǎ 付法 from Tiěbì at Língfēng 靈峰 on the mòhòu jù 末後句 gōngàn in the early 1650s.

Abbacies and dating. First own seat: Hòu Xìnglóng 興龍 under the patronage of Yáo zhèntái 姚鎮臺. Subsequently Chóngshèng 崇聖 at the lay-patron Yuán Bǎoshàn jūshì 袁寶善居士’s invitation. Then the named Gāofēng Kāixī 高峰開禧 seat at Zhōngzhōu (the title-form 高峰三山 derives from this). Finally the Jiāxīngfǔ Tiānníng Chányuàn 嘉興府天寧禪院 (Zhèjiāng) abbacy preserved as juan 16 — Dēnglái’s eastward extension of the lineage to the Jiāxīng publishing region where the Canon was being cut.

notBefore = 1655 (the 行實 narration; earliest dated event in the extant 16-juan corpus). notAfter = 1668 (Tán Yì preface). The supplementary juan 17–28 mentioned in the original full TOC (《嗣刻》 supplements including 《五家宗旨纂要》 = KR6q0169) are not preserved in the surviving 16-juan Jiāxīng Canon imprint — the catalog meta and source text agree on the 16-juan extent followed here.

Tán Yì’s preface. Tán Yì 譚詣 (the late-Míng / early-Qīng Sìchuān military commander, eventually a Qīng defector) writes from Wén Ānzhī’s old retreat-studio at Yúnān, framing Dēnglái as the ascendant Chán master of the post-1644 generation and emphasizing the Jùyún line’s grandfather (Guǎngzhēn) → father (Tiěbì Huìjī) → grandson (Dēnglái) succession. Importantly, the preface attests that the yǔlù was jiù suī kè ér wèi quán, zī qǐng lüè wéi biāncì yǐ fù zhū zǐ 舊雖刻而未全茲請略為編次以付諸梓 — a previous incomplete cutting had existed before this 1668 Tán Yì-sponsored consolidation.

Tiyao

Not applicable — Jiā-xīng-canon imprint (J29 B244). The Tán Yì preface and the juan-13 行實 provide the principal documentation.

Translations and research

  • See KR6q0169 for the related《五家宗旨纂要》 of Dēng-lái (originally circulated separately and probably part of the suppressed sì-kè supplements 17–28 here).
  • Hasebe Yūkei, 〈《続灯正統》と聚雲法門 (II)〉, Zengaku kenkyū-jo kiyō 32 (2003).

Other points of interest

  • Triple-shū-jì career. Dēnglái served as shūjì secretary to all three of his teachers — Tiěbì, Tiěméi, and (by 1655) functioning as the lineage’s editorial and publishing head — making him uniquely positioned to compile and publish the entire Jùyún corpus he in fact produced (KR6q0448 / KR6q0449 / KR6q0450). His own yǔlù in this volume is thus, structurally, the volume that follows the four he himself edited.
  • Jiāxīng Tiānníng eastward extension. Juan 16 records Dēnglái’s ministry at Jiāxīngfǔ Tiānníng Chányuàn — the first eastward extension of the otherwise Sì-chuān-internal Jùyúnpài and the institutional bridge that brought the Jùyún material into the Jiāxīng Canon’s Zhèjiāng publishing center.
  • Tán Yì’s 1668 preface. Tán Yì’s signature, dating, and choice of Wén Ānzhī’s Yúnān retreat as the writing-place all suggest a deliberate echo of Wén’s 1644 〈巴掌歌〉 patronage of the previous-generation Tiěméi (cf. KR6q0452) — a continuity-statement of late-Míng Sìchuān loyalist patronage now passed to the 1668 Kāngxī period under Tán Yì’s brokering.

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