Lǐ Zhōngzǐ 李中梓 (1588–1655), zì Shìcái 士材, hào Niàné 念莪, was a late-Míng / early-Qīng physician of Sōngjiāng 松江 (modern Shànghǎi) and the leading figure of the Sōngjiāng Mìngmén / yáng-tonification school. Originally trained as a Confucian, he turned to medicine after the death of his elder brother. His doctrinal innovations include the píshèn shuāng bǔ 脾腎雙補 (“dual supplementation of spleen and kidney”) and the xiāntiān / hòutiān gēn běn lùn 先天後天根本論 (the “pre-natal / post-natal root” doctrine). Major works:
- Yī zōng bì dú 醫宗必讀, 10 juan, 1637 — his comprehensive medical textbook.
- Nèijīng zhī yào 內經知要, 2 juan, 1642 (KR3ea038).
- Bìng jī shā zhèng 病機沙篆, 4 juan.
- Shānghán kuò yào 傷寒括要, 2 juan.
- Běn cǎo tōng xuán 本草通玄, 2 juan.
His Sōngjiāng pupils — chiefly Shěn Lǎngzhōng 沈朗仲 and Mǎ Yuányí 馬元儀 — transmitted his teaching into the Kāngxī generation. The Nèijīng zhī yào was re-edited and annotated by Xuē Xuě 薛雪 (KR3ea041) in 1764, in which form it became one of the standard primers of late-Qīng TCM pedagogy.