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醫宗金鑑

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Text ID
KR3eu016
Date
1742–1749
Dynasty
清

Yīzōng jīnjiàn 醫宗金鑑

The Golden Mirror of Medical Tradition by 吳謙 (奉敕撰) and 劉裕鐸 (奉敕撰)

About the work

The Yīzōng jīnjiàn 醫宗金鑑 (“Golden Mirror of Medical Tradition”) is the foundational Qīng-period imperial-commission medical compendium, 90 juàn, compiled under the joint editorial direction of 吳謙 Wú Qiān (Director of the Imperial Medical Academy, Tàiyīyuàn yuànpàn 太醫院院判) and 劉裕鐸 Liú Yùduó with a large editorial team, commissioned in 1742 (Qiánlóng 7) and completed in 1749 (Qiánlóng 14). The official title is Yùzuǎn / Yùdìng Yīzōng jīnjiàn 御纂/御定醫宗金鑑. The work served as the official curriculum text of the Qīng Tàiyīyuàn from 1749 to the end of the dynasty in 1911 — over 160 years of continuous institutional use. The present entry is the reprint volume in the hxwd modern medical collectanea series; for the canonical Sìkù form and full structural description see KR3e0090.

Abstract

The compendium has seven structural divisions, each separately catalogued in the present batch (KR3eu017–025, with the bone-setting chapter at KR3eu037):

  1. Dìngzhèng Shānghán lùn zhù 訂正傷寒論注 (17 juàn) — the imperially-authorised corrected commentary on Zhāng Zhòngjǐng’s Shānghán lùn; cf. KR3eu017 / KR3eu028.
  2. Dìngzhèng Jīnguì yàoluè zhù 訂正金匱要略注 (8 juàn) — the parallel commentary on Zhāng’s Jīnguì yàoluè; cf. KR3eu029.
  3. Shānbǔ míngyī fānglùn 刪補名醫方論 (8 juàn) — selected prescriptions with editorial discussion; cf. KR3eu018 / KR3eu030.
  4. Sìzhěn xīnfǎ yàojué 四診心法要訣 (1 juàn) — the four-diagnostic-methods essentials.
  5. Yùnqì yàojué 運氣要訣 (1 juàn) — yùnqì doctrine essentials; cf. KR3eu019.
  6. Zhūkē xīnfǎ yàojué 諸科心法要訣 (54 juàn) — the various clinical specialties in mnemonic-verse form, covering Miscellaneous Diseases, Women, Smallpox, Ophthalmology, Acupuncture-and-Moxibustion, External Medicine, and Paediatrics; cf. KR3eu020–025, KR3eu031–036.
  7. Zhènggǔ xīnfǎ yàozhǐ 正骨心法要旨 (5 juàn) — the bone-setting chapter; cf. KR3eu037.

The work’s doctrinal stance, as captured in the Sìkù tíyào (cited in KR3e0090), is deliberately balanced and non-partisan — explicitly rejecting both Liú Wánsù’s cold-cooling and Zhāng Jièbīn’s warming-tonifying as overly partisan in favour of context-sensitive clinical reasoning. The mnemonic-verse (七字訣 / 四字訣) format of the Xīnfǎ yàojué sections made the work the principal vehicle for memorisation-based imperial-academy training. The 1742–1749 composition window is secured by the imperial commission documents and the published preface dates.

For the canonical structure, transmission and doctrinal positioning see KR3e0090.

Translations and research

  • Mǎ Bóyīng 馬伯英. 2010. Zhōngguó yī-xué wén-huà shǐ 中國醫學文化史, 2 vols. Shànghǎi: Shànghǎi Rénmín — extensive treatment of the Yī-zōng jīn-jiàn.
  • Hsiung, Ping-chen. 2005. A Tender Voyage. Stanford University Press — treats the paediatric sections.
  • Furth, Charlotte. 1999. A Flourishing Yin. Berkeley: University of California Press — treats the women’s-medicine sections.
  • Mǎ Jìxīng 馬繼興. 1990. Zhōng-yī wénxiàn xué 中醫文獻學. Shànghǎi: Shànghǎi Kēxué Jìshù.

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